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制度设计上增强弹性 共有产权住房能走多远?

2017-08-14 14:13:33   中国青年网

在他看来,共有产权住房最根本的出发点是,通过政府让渡一定的土地收益,在土地出让环节,从根上相对平抑房价,“因为政府出让了一部分土地收益,房屋开发成本会降低,售价也会降低,是为了照顾相对中低收入阶层的购房需求。”

但在顾云昌看来,这个诉求存在不确定性。“共有产权住房和降房价,这是两个不同的命题。”顾云昌告诉《中国新闻周刊》,现在一般谈论的房价,主要是商品房价格,商品房价能否下降,主要是看供求关系,如果土地供给一直减少,而需求一直很旺盛,什么价格都降不下来,“当然共有产权住房价格也是整体房价的一部分,但对商品房价能有多大影响,还要看供应量的大小。”

对于共有产权住房的未来,另一个值得担忧的问题是,在一线城市土地供应逐年减少的情况下,共有产权住房能拿到几成土地?

公开资料显示,北京市从2011年开始,已经连续六年下调土地供应量,而且实际完成量又要再打折扣。

2014年北京市计划供地总量为5150公顷,实际完成建设用地3161公顷,只完成了计划的61.4%;2015年,北京市计划供地4600公顷,实际完成2300公顷,完成计划的50%;2016年则更低,计划供应4100公顷,但实际上只完成了18.2%。

在今年2月通过的《北京市2017年国有建设用地供应计划》中显示,今年北京市计划供应3900公顷,相比2016年又计划减少200公顷。其中,住宅用地下降更快,2016年,北京住宅用地计划供应数量为1200公顷,而2017年计划住宅用地仅为610公顷,其中单列自住型商品房用地83公顷。

“政府一定要从大数据中提炼出来购买共有产权住房有多少需求,每年需要提供多少土地,这些是能够测算出来的。”顾云昌表示,如果保障性住房供应量比较多,当然有助于价格的平稳,但是如果整体土地供应量小,商品房价格还是会不断上涨,二者的土地供应需要兼顾,“未来北京市土地供应要增加,一是新增土地要增加,另一个要通过城市更新来挖掘资源,这恐怕是供给侧改革的重中之重。”

在顾云昌看来,共有产权住房办法,主要针对的是特大城市和大城市,在一些中小城市没有实施的必要,也不具有推广的价值,“在一些中小城市,房价相对合理,购房者也不愿意购买这样的房子。要么由政府提供公租房,要么直接购买商品房。”

而对于北京而言,共有产权住房面世后,基本宣告经济适用房、两限房和自住型商品房都将退出历史舞台,“存量的经济适用房和两限房要规范化管理,新建的销售型保障房都会是共有产权住房,这是未来的方向。”顾云昌说。

声明:刊用《中国新闻周刊》稿件务经书面授权

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