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【砥砺奋进的五年】发展节水农业的广西实践

2017-08-12 21:47:18   国际在线

自治区土肥站节水科负责人欣慰地告诉记者:“大力推广高效节水新技术,目前已成为广西转变农业发展方式,实现资源节约、环境友好发展的‘一号技术’。”“节水增产、节水增效”的理念在各级农业战线领导中已“入脑生根”。

集成创新 闯出南方地区节水路

发展节水农业,必须不断集成创新技术模式,坚持工程与农艺结合、硬件与软件配套、设备与技术并重。“其中工程、设施、设备是基础,农艺、技术、管理是关键。”自治区农业厅一位节水专家说。

这些年来,广西因地制宜,先后在近百个示范基地对农业节水技术进行对比试验,涵盖了水果、蔬菜、甘蔗、茶叶等20多种优势特色经济作物。各地农民和农业科技工作者通过集成创新,提炼出适应南方各地推广应用的十大高效农田节水模式,即水肥一体化、膜下滴灌、微喷灌、集雨节灌、覆盖保墒、深耕深松、坡改梯和等高种植、农化抗旱保水剂应用、水稻半旱式垄沟灌溉、水稻浅湿控制灌溉等技术。

据广西对20多种作物69个对比示范点的调查,水肥一体化与常规灌溉相比,每亩节水率达30%-75%,节肥率达20.8%-60%,增产幅度达5.1%-41.8%。

统计数字表明,5年多来,广西累计水肥一体化技术节水1.12亿立方米,节肥7.46万吨,新增产量17.27亿公斤,新增产值22.62亿元。

有感于水肥一体化技术效果,灵川县一位农民写了这样一副对联:“施肥不下田农忙变农闲 灌溉不等天增产更增收”,横批“水肥一体化”。

农业部这样评价:“广西探索了中国南方地区发展节水农业的新路子,值得在全国推广。”至今,全国已有20多个省区前来广西参观取经。

广西捷佳润科技股份有限公司董事长温标堂回忆说,4月20日下午,习近平总书记来到南宁·中关村创新示范基地视察,在了解到该公司研发的“智能水肥一体化管理系统”成功应用于40万亩大型农场时,连夸“实现和展现了农业神话。”

统筹推进 更高层次推广新技术

据统计,广西的水田旱涝保收的仅占总面积的70%,水浇旱地仅占总旱地面积的5.3%。

对此,广西有的放矢,统筹推进不同的节水主推模式,如在桂中岩溶盆地干旱区重点推广地膜覆盖和生物覆盖技术,在桂北丘陵红壤旱作区重点推广覆盖技术、等高种植和营造生物技术,在桂西南左右江河谷干热区重点推广地膜覆盖、秸秆覆盖、测土配方施肥技术和水旱轮作技术等,均取得了明显效果。

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