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汪黎特:全形拓绝技尽展手工之美

2017-08-11 10:43:47   中国青年网

然而,经历了晚清民国的鼎盛时期,如今掌握全形拓技艺的人并不多。“1949年以后,很多私人收藏捐赠给博物馆,既缺少器物又缺少社会需求,全形拓就逐渐被人们淡忘了。”从2011年开始,汪黎特有意识地从拍卖市场上搜罗全形拓,甚至拓印失败的“半成品”也不放过。他师法前人,从经典作品中摸索,积累自己的制作经验。

汪黎特的首件全形拓作品是一把紫砂壶,从那时候开始,他便不断接到“订单”,前往各地为客户定制全形拓。“藏品价值动辄上千万元,不可能带回四川制作。”汪黎特对工作环境有严格要求:空间必须密闭,铺设地毯防止易碎品摔坏,房间里尖锐处都得包起来……他们还专门带去两台加湿器,保证室内湿度有利于全形拓制作。

而在拓印材料上,汪黎特也有充分考虑。全形拓用纸必须耐磨、能反复吃水,并且具有很高的光洁度,汪黎特发现市面上的宣纸都不符合要求,只好委托厂家专门制作了一批专用纸。他还用传统磨墨代替墨汁,这样一方面利用其颗粒感营造温润的效果;另一方面也避免墨汁中的化学添加剂产生腐蚀,缩短全形拓作品的寿命。

如今的全形拓,已经失去了代替摄影术展示器物的实用功能,成为爱好者闲时赏玩的对象。“它从实用品变成了艺术品,考古意义也变成了审美意义,在工业流水线的时代展示手工的价值。”汪黎特说。

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