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古人是如何健身的
2017-08-09 05:35:01 中国青年网
苏东坡也是位健身达人,他使用过的养生术被称为“苏子术”、“坡仙功”,有一种“香泉养生功”主要由“步息”、“卧息”、“爬功”、“桥功”套路组成,其中的“步息”,就是结合行走开展的。古人认为步行宜早晨进行,晨练的同时,也有“晚课”,利用饭后睡前时间散步,这有助于入眠。但如果天气不好或空气有污染时,古人并不提倡晨练,“大雾不宜远行”。
明清时期盛行“习武”
中华瑰宝之武术自元代开始,习武成为人们健身首选,这与元朝严禁中原民间私藏武器不无关系,使徒手搏斗技术在民间悄然普及。其中,拳术作为中华武术最精华的组成部分,素有不懂拳法,就谈不上会武术之说,其特点主要是徒手拳脚肢体的运用。
明朝时,各种武术流派应运而生,出现了“十八般武艺”,且各具地域特色。既有“南拳”和“北腿”之分,也有“内家”与“外家”之别。如今深受习武之人推崇的少林、武当、峨眉等三大武术流派均是在明朝时成熟起来的,如少林武术,当时即已天下无双,明谢肇淛《五杂俎·人部》称:“河南少林寺拳法,天下所无,其僧游方者皆敌数十人。”
清朝的“禁教不禁拳”政策更将习武风尚推到了极点。习武有助于强身健体,促进身心和谐,增强意志力。在习武的同时,明清人还爱“练功”健身,西方人称中国武术为“中国功夫”,便与此有关。
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