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【人工绿海的55年成绩单】再多一个塞罕坝

2017-08-08 08:52:55   央广网

刘海莹:推广的核心,不是说单一的造林怎么去造,我们的模式是由林业部建场、河北省管理,高层垂管。

55年高位垂管,相比同时期下放县一级管理、最终资金难以为继的兄弟林场,塞罕坝是幸运的。但世间也没有绝对的坦途,地处国家级贫困县围场,塞罕坝人除了建林场、更建了小社会。道路、职工宿舍、水、暖、电、讯建设几乎全由林场自筹资金。刘海莹坦言,林场办社会,不可持续。

刘海莹:社会职能要剥离,但是对于现实来讲,何时剥离,剥离到什么程度,这还要根据具体问题去研究。

近至御道口,远到大西北,但凡移植塞罕坝模式,必须克服排异反应。如何因地制宜、振兴林业?在国家林业局国有林场和林木种苗工作总站副总站长刘春延看来,如果新建规模化林场,在塞罕坝的基础上,“调动各方面积极性”、“广泛动员全社会力量”应当是加入新模式的关键词。

刘春延:资金的模式,我觉得应该是以国家、政府投入为主,社会投资、企业投资合作也可以作为一个重要的方式。搞林业在一定程度上,自身的经济获益能力是非常有限的。如果公共财政不支撑,自身无法实现经济上的可持续。当然有些地方,在自己的发展空间已经饱和的情况下,采取和周边集体、个人合作造林的方式,投资按比例分成,这也是一个不错的方式。

建设生态文明是关系人民福祉、关乎民族未来的大计,改革的长河中,塞罕坝的55年如沧海一粟。但这55年何其宝贵,一种模式得以自证其可靠,一种精神能鼓舞无数后来者,一种技术能毫无保留惠及更多裸露的土地。当模式、精神、技术臻于成熟,塞罕坝人向地理界线和理顺体制寻找突破。如果一个新的生态特区,集纳塞罕坝林场和周边适宜营造林的荒山、荒坡甚至其他林牧场,其建立价值是否值得论证?以及,堪为全国4855个林场“范例”的塞罕坝,何时能看到后起之秀?塞罕坝期待答案,中国期待答案。

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