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PPP立法加速 力避政出多门

2017-08-07 07:31:58   中国青年网

此外,财政部联合农业部发布了关于深入推进农业领域PPP的实施意见,大力推广田园综合体等新型业态和热点;联合中国人民银行、证监会发布通知,规范开展政府和社会资本合作项目资产证券化,鼓励项目公司开展资产证券化优化融资安排,探索开展资产证券化盘活存量资产。

严查变相举债

各类伪PPP、质量低下PPP,折射出政府信用、社会资本融资与运营能力等问题

在推广PPP模式取得快速进展的同时,一些项目在实施过程中出现了不规范的现象,特别是假借PPP搞变相融资,引起广泛关注。

史耀斌曾指出,一些地方的思维仍然停留在融资搞建设上,打着PPP的旗号采取政府承担兜底责任的形式,政府回购、明股实债、固定回报等变相融资问题较为突出。部分项目缺乏运营和绩效考核,实质上是拉长版BT(建设—转让)。“这些做法既产生了一定的挤出效应,影响PPP模式的规范推广,也增加了地方债风险隐患。”史耀斌说。

吉富星认为,各类伪PPP、质量低下的PPP,背后折射的是政府信用、社会资本融资与运营能力等问题,归因于理念未转变、制度有缺失、实施能力不足等综合因素。

今年5月份,财政部、国家发展改革委等部门联合印发《关于进一步规范地方政府举债融资行为的通知》,要求地方政府规范政府和社会资本合作。

中国投资咨询公司咨询总监荆博表示,在早期项目实操过程中,存在地方融资平台为扩大融资虚增投资额的现象,还有项目名义上用PPP模式引进资方,但政府方仍要作为实际的运营主体,后续运营期的付款仅是补偿前期建设费用。

PPP规范运作核心在于全生命周期运营、形成合理的风险分担机制、产出符合绩效标准的公共服务。“不规范的PPP不能实现风险有效共担,难以发挥合作协同效应、市场与问责机制的作用,导致PPP效率降低、财政支出责任风险加大,无法实现‘物有所值’的目的。公共服务供给的终极责任仍在政府,不规范PPP降低了项目效率、加重了政府负担,可能导致风险隐匿、衍生债务风险,也将诱导各种监管套利行为,形成道德风险蔓延。”吉富星表示。

“中央在规范PPP实施的同时,严控地方政府财政风险。目前各地新上的项目在部委文件的要求下也都在开展合规性自查,总的来讲PPP操作流程更加规范严谨。”荆博说。

对于下一步PPP的规范发展,史耀斌要求各地财政部门重点把握好“四条线”:严控“红线”,要强化财政承受能力论证10%“红线”的硬性约束;守住“底线”,严禁各类借PPP变相举债的行为;搭好“天线”,全面了解掌握本地区PPP项目总体情况;明确“界线”,对于不属于公共服务的纯商业化项目,以及仅涉及建设、无运营内容的纯工程项目,要准确界定,从识别、论证、入库等环节严格把关,不能继续任由其打着PPP旗号“混淆视听”。

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