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香港法律|亚洲首例! 香港通过《道歉法条例草案》

2017-08-04 16:01:34   央广网

香港申诉专员刘燕卿则对草案表示欢迎,其认为道歉法的制定,相信可鼓励政府部门和公立机构更为积极主动,在有需要时真诚向市民道歉,必定有助纾解感到受屈市民的不满情绪,或有助解决纠纷,有效平息纷争,重建社会凝聚力,恢复互信。

申诉专员刘燕卿

特区政府13日下午发布的新闻公报显示,在2016至2017年度,申诉专员公署处理的投诉案件中,有248宗被投诉机构向投诉人致歉,其中有230宗(占92.7%)是在公署介入后或所涉机构在处理投诉过程中,向对方道歉。

全球各地其实都有《道歉法》

美国

首项道歉法例在1986年在马萨诸塞州制定。这股趋势其后延伸至美国其他州份,至今逾30个州份已制定道歉法例,特点各有不同。当中部分法例规定不把道歉当作承认法律责任,其他的则仅规定法院只可就某些目的接纳道歉为证据。须注意的是,美国大多数道歉法例只涵盖有限度道歉(即道歉并不包含承认过失),并只针对涉及医护专业或若干其他人身伤害范畴的民事诉讼。

澳洲

道歉法例这股趋势并不止于美国,还扩展至太平洋对岸。在2000年代初期,澳洲制定了道歉法例,目前该国各州及领地均有各自的道歉法例。澳洲道歉法例的范围已扩展至涵盖大部分民事法律程序,只有若干指明的法律程序除外,涵盖范围比美国的道歉法例为广。在这些道歉法例中,有部分涵盖全面道歉(即道歉包含承认过失),这些法例较美国的一般立法方式为广,有部分则没有。

加拿大

在2000年代后期及2010年代初期,随着加拿大制定道歉法例,道歉法例进一步发展。该国大多数省份和领地都订立了道歉法例,并涵盖全面道歉及适用于所有法律程序,但也有若干司法管辖区指明法例的适用范围不包括刑事法律程序。特别的是,加拿大道歉法例都直接订明道歉不得使保险合约无效或受到影响。同时,大多数法例也订明就某项事宜提出的道歉,不得构成承认或确认与该事宜有关的诉讼因由,以防止藉道歉延长相关时效法令所订明的时效期。

英国(不包括苏格兰)

英国(不包括苏格兰,因为《1998年苏格兰法令》成立了苏格兰议会并向其下放权力)给予道歉豁免权的法例,内容相对简短而范围狭窄。此外,英国仅在《2006年补偿法令》一项条文订明“道歉、提出治疗/待遇或其他纠正方案本身并不构成承认疏忽或违反法定责任”。

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