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这五年,医改给我们的“获得感”

2017-07-24 16:10:05   中国经济网

过去,我国医疗资源分布不均,医卫服务“薄弱在基层,短板在农村”,这样既使“大医院人满为患、基层医疗机构门可罗雀”,又加重了群众“看病难、看病贵”问题。

民生难点,就是医改重点。“破解大医院‘拥堵病’,建立有序的就医秩序,关键是要促进医疗资源合理配置、均衡布局。”国家卫计委副主任王贺胜介绍,近5年来,我国不断强化基层医疗机构能力建设,并以分级诊疗为突破口,畅通患者转诊、医疗信息流通渠道,让“健康红利”惠及全民。

要让大医院“愿意放”、让患者“下得来”,还要让基层“接得住”。为此,2017年我国还将培养全科医生2.5万人以上,加快基层健康产业发展,优化基层医疗机构中高级岗位比例,增强岗位吸引力。

一系列改革“组合拳”还在不断落地:完善家庭医生签约制度,2016年全国慢性病等重点人群家庭医生签约服务率已接近40%;强化基层能力建设,1400家三甲医院对口支援3700多家县级医院,全国县域内就诊率已超过8成……

5年来,依托“强基层、补短板”种种举措,“小病进社区、大病到医院”的合理就医秩序逐步形成,在破解医改这个世界性难题上,贡献中国式的解决方案。

建机制,求突破:疏通梗阻力争医改新成效

长期以来,公立医院“以药补医”的现象,是我国医疗领域的一大顽症,也是全国医改着力破解的难题。

“通”则“不痛”。要啃下改革的“硬骨头”,离不开体制机制的重构和突破。让公立医院回归公益轨道,国家医改开出明确“药方”,即“腾空间、调结构、保衔接”,进一步理顺医疗服务价格体制,破除旧机制,建立新机制。

今年4月,北京市“先试一步”,率先在全市范围内取消药品加成,公立医院以药品进价销售给患者,多项医疗服务价格调整体现“技有所得”,医保支付和财政补助同步跟进、无缝衔接……

“在中国医改大版图中,取消‘以药补医’,涉及深刻利益调整,事关医疗、医保、医药‘三医联动’改革,是深化医改的重中之重。”王贺胜说。

改革深一步,群众获益就多一点。数据显示,新一轮医改启动以来,全国公立医院药占比已由2009年的46%下降至目前的40%,减轻了群众医疗负担。2017年我国公立医院将全面取消药品加成,预计还会患者节省药品费用600多亿元。

“让医院回归公益性质、让药品回归治病功能。”全面开展公立医院薪酬改革,确保医务人员“多劳多得,优绩优酬”;严控医药费用不合理增长,药品购销“两票制”在综合医改试点省份全面推开;全力推进支付方式改革,完善医保付费总额控制……中国医改正在向更深领域更广层面迈进。

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