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暴走团占车道被撞 在国外会怎么判?

2017-07-12 11:48:09   中国网

法律怎样定义路权?这次要看一看。

既然要讨论路权,不如就放眼一下世界,看看其他国家如何划分行人和机动车辆的路权。

英美按过错分责任

据香港商报报道,英国南约克郡谢菲尔德的交通警察巴里·格拉夫顿看了事故视频后表示,如果没有获得政府批准就使用机动车道进行户外活动,“暴走团负100%全责并赔偿一系列损失。”他还强调,“英国在处理机动车与行人相撞事故中,也不会简单的偏袒哪一方,特别注重责任认定。”

巴里·格拉夫顿反复观看了事发现场视频后并提出了几个问题:他们为什么会在机动车上快走?他们获得批准了吗?谁是开车的司机?他表示:他们需要承担多少责任完全取决于这些因素。

“在英国,这种事情几乎不会发生。”他说,任何的团队户外活动,组织者都需要向政府来申请“道路安全使用许可通行证”。“如政府批准,机动车道会提前关闭并立警示牌。如其未获得批准,暴走团负100%全责并赔偿一系列损失。

英国交通法规坚持相对责任原则,按照事故双方的过错划分责任。

而美国情况比较复杂,据人民网报道,美国洛杉矶华裔律师邓洪介绍,依据美国各州交通法规的不同情况大体可以分为三类。

第一类,责任过半认定制,即涉及事故的一方一旦被认定应承担50%以上的责任,那么就应承担事故的全部责任。实行这个制度的包括科罗拉多州、内华达州等占美国半数以上的州。在这些州,行人如果违规在先,那么在绝大多数情况下必须责任自负,得不到任何保护。

第二类,责任比例分摊制,即根据事故具体情况确定事故涉及者的具体责任比例,并按照相应比例分摊赔偿。事故的责任比例由警方和交通安全管理部门的专家认定。实行这类制度的包括加利福尼亚州、路易斯安那州、阿拉斯加州等13个州。但在这些州,不管行人是否违反交通规则,行人的路权总是高于机动车的路权。

第三类,简单多数制,即事故中承担责任比例最多的一方负全责。实行这一制度的有阿拉巴马州等6个州。这类制度强调机动车和行人各守其责,谁违法在先,谁就得担负全部责任。在这几个州,行人违规在先,则必须承担全部责任。这种制度比第一类更为苛刻。

德国泰国车辆担主责

德国采用的是绝对责任原则,其道路交通法明确规定,即使在事故原因并不能归咎于他的情况下,机动车车主在使用车辆的过程中对于所造成伤害仍负有绝对责任。能够获得豁免的情况只有两种:不可抗力,以及肇事驾驶员未经车主合法授权而驾驶车辆,例如车辆被盗。

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