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巴格达迪是如何走向末日的

2017-07-12 08:07:19   

巴格达迪在这里被关押了10个月。外界认为,巴格达迪就是在这段时间创立了“伊斯兰国”的极端意识形态并将其散播开来。可以说,他是在美军监狱设计了“伊斯兰国”。

在监狱的10个月里,巴格达迪不断按照自己的理解在囚犯中传播教义,每天按时率领囚犯们祈祷,每周五还会给囚犯们讲经布道。

当时这个监狱共关押着2.4万名囚犯,其中多数是曾经在萨达姆政权军队和情报部门工作的逊尼派阿拉伯人。随着萨达姆政权倒台,伊拉克什叶派开始掌权,这些逊尼派人士不仅失势,有的还进了监狱,自然满腔怒火。

于是,就在布卡营地,巴格达迪的极端“圣战”思想就这样在毫无知觉的美国人眼皮底下得以肆意传播。很多萨达姆政权的追随者成了巴格达迪的朋友,不少人此后追随他建立“伊斯兰国”。

从幕后走向台前,率“伊斯兰国”兴风作浪

2004年,巴格达迪出狱后很快就与包括“基地”组织在内的多个极端组织建立联系。2006年,他宣布效忠“基地”在伊拉克的分支头目扎卡维。

两年后,扎卡维被美军炸死,他的继任者是极端分子马斯里。2006年10月,马斯里宣布解散“基地”伊拉克分支,正式成立“伊拉克伊斯兰国”组织。这段时间,巴格达迪曾被派往叙利亚活动,后来又回到伊拉克担任组织顾问。

2010年,在马斯里被美军击毙后,巴格达迪被推举为组织新头目,从幕后走向台前。

在巴格达迪的策划下,“伊拉克伊斯兰国”的势力开始扩张。2013年,该组织越过伊拉克边境,扩张到叙利亚境内。同年4月,巴格达迪宣布建立“伊拉克和黎凡特伊斯兰国”。

2014年起,“伊拉克和黎凡特伊斯兰国”的武装分子在伊拉克北部和西部攻城略地,包括摩苏尔在内的多个城市都落入极端分子之手。同年6月,巴格达迪在摩苏尔宣布建立一个所谓“哈里发国”,自封“哈里发”,“伊拉克和黎凡特伊斯兰国”改名为“伊斯兰国”。“伊斯兰国”将所谓的首都定在叙利亚拉卡。

“伊斯兰国”败局已定,恐怖魔头走向末日

“伊斯兰国”的统治残酷而血腥,巴格达迪就是要通过威吓惩罚、暴力折磨维持统治。在摩苏尔,武装分子将无数平民用作“人肉盾牌”,阻挡政府军的攻势。

过去两年多来,伊拉克和叙利亚政府军重整旗鼓发动反攻,在各方力量的协助下,不断收复失地,“伊斯兰国”控制的地盘逐渐萎缩。巴格达迪也失去了昔日的“威风”,只能想尽办法保命。

据悉,为了抓捕巴格达迪,美国开出了2500万美元的悬赏金,还成立一支专门的追踪队伍,专门负责搜寻巴格达迪的下落。这支部队包括特种部队士兵、中情局特工等。

巴格达迪非常担心下属可能为了拿到高额悬赏而出卖自己。为了躲避追捕,巴格达迪不用手机,只通过很少几个线人跟“伊斯兰国”指挥官联系。

俄军5月底对“伊斯兰国”位于拉卡南郊的指挥部实施空袭。“伊斯兰国”高级成员当时正在开会,讨论从拉卡撤离的路线。空袭歼灭了“伊斯兰国”军事委员会一些高级成员和总计大约330名中层成员和武装分子。有消息显示,巴格达迪出席了当晚的会议并且可能身亡。

“伊斯兰国”许多高级指挥官已经逃命,该组织的实体已分崩离析。 据新华社电

原标题:“伊斯兰国”承认最高头目死亡 巴格达迪是如何走向末日的

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