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为什么我们需要监管数字货币

2017-06-12 13:00:16   

深网与表层网络相对应,后者是大部分人接触到的互联网。如果将互联网世界比喻为一个海洋,那么那些可以用搜索引擎(谷歌、百度或者是必应)搜索到的有索引的网络是表层网络。在此之下,就是深网,深网资源没有被索引,也无法使用常规的搜索引擎搜索。

理论上深网有多庞大不得而知,但业内普遍估计深网的规模要远大于表层网络。

深网网站数量可能是表层网络的400到500倍,最大的60个深网网站存储的数据几乎相等于整个表层网络数据的40倍(DanielSui,2015)。正规机构也会在深网中建立了自己的网站,比如美国国会图书馆、美国人口普查局和经济数据网站Freelunch.com等,另外即时通讯服务器也存在于深网之中。

图1你看到的是哪里的网络?

来源:http://www.brandpowder.com

暗网(Darknet)是深网的一部分,也是增长最快的部分。一般而言,暗网指的深网中以匿名的方式通过分布式网络交换数据的部分,与浅层网络与大部分的深网不同,大部分的暗网都只能以匿名方式进入。

暗网依托于加密技术,而技术并无善恶之分。很多暗网用户的行为不一定非法,比如记者通过暗网来交流信息,那些担心被政府迫害的反对者也通过暗网来传播信息。

洋葱路由(Tor)是目前以匿名方式登录暗网的主要手段之一,每一个连接洋葱路由器的电脑都可以设立一个网站。人们可以连接这个网站,但却不知道其身在何处。美国海军研究实验室是洋葱路由器的发明者和传播者。美国政府仍然在继续发展匿名领域的科技并且对其进行推广。2010年,洋葱服务器还获得了自由软件基金会(theFreeSoftwareFoundation)的2010年年度社会福利自由软件奖。

另外,大蒜路由“I2P”(匿名的网络项目,属于动态分布式网络,)也越来越普及。其设计理念是不信任网络中的任何一方,所有数据都加密。

 3.失控的黑暗世界:犯罪、毒品、洗钱和恐怖交易

网络技术的进步正将世界裂变为两种形态:在网络的一面,人们觉得自己一直被一双看不见的眼睛盯着;而在另一面,我们可以比过去任何时间都要隐藏的更深。

暗网让每个人都躲在面具背后,在这里我们可以看到失去约束之后世界的样子。

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