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兰州大学的名校焦虑:教师流失多指标落后同类大学

2017-06-02 08:23:54   

那时候,兰州是国家重点建设的城市。在“一五”计划中,苏联援建的156个项目中,有7个在兰州。兰州石油化工厂、兰州炼油厂这两个后来被称为“共和国石化长子”的大项目的上马,急需石化领域的人才,兰大化学系因此得以成为国家重点建设的学科。

已故中科院院士刘有成在其访谈录《一生执着自由基》里回忆,1954年,他排除阻挠,从美国芝加哥大学回到新中国,等待政府分配工作。当时的南京大学、南开大学等好几所高校都向他发出了邀请,但高等教育部的一位司长找他谈话,说兰大是国家重点建设的几所大学之一,希望他到兰州去。

当年,像刘有成这样学成回国的海归人才,被中央政府分配到兰州大学工作的还有很多。他们后来大多成为兰大各学科的顶梁柱与国内学界的大腕。

为支援兰大建设,当时的高教部还把复旦大学有机化学专业并入了兰大,并且从东部地区的复旦、南大等高校调来一批教师和研究生,又从北大分配来一批研究生,使得兰大化学系的师资力量瞬间变强。如今,化学系仍旧是兰州大学科研实力最强的专业,在全球学科排名中进入前1 。

兰大发展历史上的夺目光辉,与其两任校长不无关系。兰大历史学院教授、《兰州大学校史》主编张克非介绍说,在兰大历史上,有3位对学校发展起到过关键作用的校长。除了民国时期的学校创始人辛树帜,还有文革期间被迫害至死的江隆基,以及文革结束后的第一任校长刘冰。

江隆基是一位真正的知识分子和教育家。1959年,他在“反右”运动中受到冲击,从北京大学党委书记兼副校长的位置上被“贬”到兰大担任党委书记兼校长。当时,除了像刘有成一样分配到西部来的,还有相当一部分人和江隆基一样是被“放逐”到兰大的。江隆基在兰大冒着巨大的政治风险,坚守教育的底线:“尊师重教”。

当时,兰大文科已经被砍掉,历史系归于西北师范学院。兰大历史系第一人赵俪生被发配到乡下开荒。1961年,赵俪生的二女儿从兰州附近的山上不慎滑落丧生。行政级别比甘肃省委书记高半级的江隆基得知后,通过省委发电报,通知赵俪生返城。随后,江隆基又设法恢复兰大文科,指名赵俪生为本科生开基础课,讲授《中国通史》。就这样,差点在乡下饿死的赵俪生捡回了一条性命,后来成为兰大人文学科的一面旗帜,为兰大培养出许多优秀学生,著名学者秦晖、金雁伉俪就是赵俪生培养出来的研究生。

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