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孕期、产期、哺乳期“三期”妇女面对企业刁难如何维权?

2017-06-02 08:10:45   

在生育津贴方面,女职工和用人单位也会爆发冲突。其中,有的用人单位给员工购买过生育保险,有的没购买过,有的女职工工资高,有的工资低。因此一些用人单位便在此做手脚:给高工资的女职工发放生育津贴,停发工资;给低工资的女职工发工资,同时向社保基金领取生育津贴,归入单位账户。

哺乳期

哺乳期,顾名思义即哺乳婴儿的时期,在法律法规上没有明确的截止日,但在实务操作和通常理解来看,多以婴儿满一周岁为截止日期。因产假结束后,女职工就应当回到岗位继续工作,因此返回工作岗位的时间点和哺育婴儿的问题就成了本时期的焦点。有些用人单位不熟悉或不理会地方性规定,在98天的产假休完后就要求女职工返回工作岗位,并对不服从“命令”的女职工进行“制裁”。而每天1小时哺乳时间多通过推迟上班时间或提前下班来实现,女职工中午回家哺乳基本不可能实现。

哺乳期的另一个常见争议是劳动合同“到期”,用人单位宣布解除劳动关系,或者在所谓“到期”之日即与女职工新订立劳动合同。前一种情形比较容易处理,后一种情形比较棘手。若哺乳期在第二次固定期限劳动合同之后结束,女职工继续工作,无固定期限劳动关系自何时建立,并不容易处理。针对经济性裁员,《劳动合同法》对于与单位订立无固定期限劳动合同的劳动者就有特别照顾。

综上,“三期”女职工在与用人单位交往的过程中有很多方面需要注意,本文只是列举了一些常见情形和关键点。作为“三期”女职工的您如果与用人单位发生纠纷,妥善解决才是根本的目的。《孙子兵法》曰,“上兵伐谋,其次伐交,其次伐兵,其下攻城。攻城之法,为不得已”,便是此理。法律赋予您的投诉、举报、沟通、谈判、申请劳动仲裁、提起诉讼等权利,但具体采取哪种方式,何时采用,如何采用,具体问题具体分析后,再行决定。

法律链接:

《劳动法》第61条规定:“不得安排女职工在怀孕期间从事国家规定的第三级体力劳动强度的劳动和孕期禁忌从事的劳动。对怀孕7个月以上的女职工,不得安排其延长工作时间和夜班劳动。”

根据《女职工劳动保护规定》第7条规定:怀孕7个月以上(含7个月)的女职工,一般不得安排其从事夜班劳动,在劳动时间内应当安排一定的休息时间。故女职工在这个时期如果用人单位坚持安排上夜班,且与用人单位沟通无果的情况下就可以投诉。

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