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京城最后“发报人”的坚守:曾一天收发电报十万封

2016-12-08 03:51:27   

相对于传递国家大事,报务员们平日中最常收发的,就是面对公众的私人信息。发电报是有专用稿纸的,跟传统书信稿纸差不多大,需要填写收件人姓名、地址、正文、发件人姓名、地址和联系方式。

以前,家家户户是没有座机电话的,局级以上干部才有,手机更没人听说过。整个50年代至80年代,电报是老百姓与外界沟通最重要的通信手段。那些年,白何廷觉得,电报这东西,大家会永远用下去的。

有人坚守 电报不会在京城消失

白何廷刚参加工作,就在值夜班时赶上了“唐山大地震”。“电报大楼一时间被挤得水泄不通,传送带上的电报跑个不停。大家全靠电报和震区的亲人联系。”那时候,家家户户最怕听到的话就是“谁谁家,有电报”。“因为电报按字收费,起初四分钱一个字,一封电报内容加地址怎么也得20个字,也就是8毛钱。可那时候大白菜5分钱一筐,一封电报够买一车菜了。而从80年代以后涨到每字一毛三分五,即便大家工资涨了,一封电报开销也不小。所以除非家里有大事发生,否则不会轻易发电报。”人们只要一听说来电报了,不是激动就是紧张,因为电报不是让人大喜就一定是大悲。白何廷发报几十载,送出最多的内容为:火车接站、结婚生子、病逝速归等内容。

人们为了节省,对电报的内容可谓惜字如金,这特别考验文字水平,“那时上学,会有专门课程教学生学习如何用最短的语言写电报,有的人用文言文,有的甚至只用一个字。”白何廷感慨道,随着长途电话、移动通信、互联网的兴起,传统的电报业务日益萎缩,“如今电报只有极少的业务量,一年只有几十封。去年有人别出心裁,用电报给几十个亲朋好友发送自己的结婚请柬,也就是图个情怀。”白何廷说,尽管自己马上就要退休,但大楼里仍有两位报务员在坚守,“电报还不会在京城里消失。”

快退休的“新人” 王德源

送报“月老”毛遂自荐 55岁学英文代码

1978年进入电报大楼的王德源(图中左上)被分配到“送报”岗位工作,送的是电报。讲起送报时的风霜岁月,他仍历历在目。“起初,无论刮风下雨,送报都是骑着绿皮摩托车走街串巷,那时发报的都是急事,大半夜去送报也成了‘家常便饭’。”他拍着胸脯说,几十年跑下来,北京如今五环范围内的各个胡同、局、所……他都门儿清。“直到80年代末,送报就换成了汽车,用汽车送报主要原因是那时电报业务推出‘鲜花礼仪’服务。”鲜花电报曾风靡一时,而王德源在送报同时还兼起了“月老”的重任。有个令他印象深刻的小伙儿,为追求心爱的姑娘,每天都为她订“鲜花电报”,王德源为他送了半个月,姑娘终于答应了。王德源笑着说,后来不少情侣喜结连理,还特意来向他道谢。

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