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狮子座流星雨17日达到极大 每小时天顶流量约15颗

2016-11-13 16:47:52   北京晚报

今年的狮子座流星雨将在11月17日达到极大,不过可惜的是,这次“流星雨之王”表现平庸,预计每小时天顶流量在15颗左右,与它极盛时的风采相差甚远。国际流星组织给出的预报极大期是在11月17日中午。不凑巧的是今年的月相有些不配合,17日凌晨2点是观测此次狮子座流星雨的最佳时间,届时月亮会高悬于正南方75度左右的位置,月光将会影响此次流星雨的观测。

链接 “追星”秘籍

“看流星雨绝对不是一件需要高大上设备的活动,其实你只需要一双眼和足够耐心。”北京天文馆天文专家詹想户外观星的经验非常丰富,据他介绍,流星雨的观测可直接用肉眼,不需要用望远镜,因为流星雨的观测需要大的视场,人眼的视场超过100度,而普通望远镜只有几度,用望远镜反而不易看到。视力不好的人一定要戴眼镜,因为流星大概只有2至4星等。

观测流星雨的地点最好是远离灯光的开阔地,如果有部分遮挡物,至少要能看见辐射点在的那片天空。对于大型城市而言,距离市中心越远的地方,观测效果越好,直线距离60公里以上的地方,一般就可以清晰地看到星空;90公里以上的地方就可以看到非常壮观的星空景象。尽量找一下地势高、视野开阔的地方,海拔高一些的山里是更理想的地点。观测流星雨的时候不能坐在车里,一是视野受限制,二是流星在夜空中划过的距离很长,看不完整。

观测地点的空气污染不能太严重,一般达到轻度污染就不适合观看了。若抬头能看到满天星斗是最好的,如果视野里的星星数量少于50颗,也就是说2.5星等以下的星星很难看清,那么看到流星雨的几率就不会太大。

俗话说“月朗星稀”,观看流星雨的时候最好是残月到新月,或者月亮已经下山了,透明度高、晴朗、无月的夜晚最适合观赏。此外天气情况一定要注意,有人想浪漫一下,就在下着小雨的天气和女朋友去看流星雨,能看到吗,当然不能,看流星雨的天气必须是“晴”,其他都不可以。

此外就是要注意安全,观测之前一定要熟悉地形 , 尽量避开水井和陡坡 , 防止发生意外。要做好防寒保暖工作,一般来说,下半夜的流星比上半夜多些,通宵观测是家常便饭,因此要提前做好准备。需要带的东西有:帐篷、毛毯、羽绒服、折叠椅、手电、食品及星图、钟表、记录纸、铅笔等,夏季还要防止蚊虫叮咬,

找到合适的地方后如果想观测舒适一些,最好能躺下,此时眼睛要适应黑暗,躺下后朝着天空看,大约10多分钟后就完全适应黑暗了。

观测流星雨时还应该尽可能地做好记录。观测前 , 应先有一段时间让眼睛适应黑暗;然后观测天顶附近的星座,看不同亮度的恒星,由星图标出的星等检验眼睛看到的星的亮度,由此测试所能看到的极限星等, 可以在不同时间测试多次,然后取其平均值。

记录时首先要做好观测环境记录,内容包括观测地点、天气状况、时间(开始时间、结束时间、有效时间)。记录重点包括流星出现的时刻、持续时间(最好用录音机记录口述结果)、流星的计数、每小时或每分钟出现多少颗、流星的亮度估计(几等星的有多少)、流星的颜色,是白色、黄色还是红色、绿色,还有流星出现点的位置(可用星座表示)。此外还有统计内流星和群外流星的数目。

观测流星雨时不要只把目光盯在辐射点,要注意辐射点周围的广大天区,要确保记录准确,可一个观测一人记录。流星雨的观测不能仅选择在预报的当天 ,应在前后几天中连续观测,这样才有可能观测到流星雨的峰值。

原标题:狮子座流星雨17日达到极大 每小时天顶流量约15颗

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