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亚毒品“止咳药水”调查:每天只为一瓶药水活着

2016-06-27 08:07:57   新华网

止咳药水、曲马多这类药物滥用导致上瘾

手掌大小,白色瓶盖,透明瓶身。一口褐绿色的“止咳药水”(含可待因复方口服液体制剂)下去,就像打开了“潘多拉的盒子”:一时亢奋后,是持久的内疚、绝望,接踵而来的有疾病,甚至还有死亡。

全国一半以上药物滥用者不到35岁,新发滥用者逐年上升……近年来,止咳药水、新康泰克、曲马多这些诱人上瘾的“亚毒品”,披着“处方药”、“软饮料”的外衣,向青少年群体蔓延,原本阳光明媚的花季,陷入药物滥用之殇。

几十块钱够“嗨”一次免费打工只为“喝一口药水”

“早上睁开眼,如果不喝一瓶药水,这一天就活不下去了。”18岁的沈阳少年小壮(化名)曾重度依赖“止咳药水”,严重时一天喝几十瓶,药瘾发作时躁狂怒骂,到处摔东西,把家里亲戚的钱借了个遍后,还跑到母亲的单位借钱买药水。“当时我都绝望了,幸好在警察的帮助下戒了药水。”小壮妈妈感慨地说。

“止咳药水”、新康泰克、曲马多……这些被滥用的成瘾药物,很多都是生病时经常用到的处方药物,含有磷酸可待因、盐酸麻黄碱等成分,在非医疗目的下使用,会刺激体内多巴胺大量释放,产生极度兴奋,且容易产生药物依赖性。而成瘾后若停止使用,会全身乏力、情绪低落,除了损害药物滥用者的身体健康,还会带来严重的社会问题,被业内视为“亚毒品”。

“亚毒品”坑害的不只是小壮。国家食药监总局和国家禁毒委员会办公室联合发布的《国家药物滥用监测年度报告(2014年)》显示,药物滥用者中35岁及以下年龄占51.7%,药物滥用者中新发生药物滥用占10.7%,与2010年相比上升5.3个百分点。

“与海洛因、可卡因、鸦片等传统毒品相比,止咳药水、曲马多这类药物滥用导致的上瘾问题,对青少年的伤害更为普遍。”沈阳市公安局禁毒支队预防管控大队教导员佟强多年从事青少年禁毒工作发现,在吸毒青少年群体中,海洛因等传统毒品的只占10%,冰毒、摇头丸等合成毒品也不是主力,60%以上的孩子都属于药物滥用。

与传统毒品一克几千几百元的价格相比,止咳药水等“亚毒品”相对价格低廉:一瓶药水几十元就能买到,加之披着“饮料”“药片”的外衣蛊惑,不少青少年都被诱骗。

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