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广州发现宋代城墙东北角台遗址 更正文献记载

2016-05-25 08:29:02   金羊网

原标题:越秀北路发现宋代广州城墙东北角台遗址

专家建议对该城墙遗址实施原址保护

金羊网讯记者黄宙辉、郑迅,通讯员易西兵、谢亿明报道:广州古城考古又有重要发现。5月24日晚,记者从广州市文物考古研究院获悉,越秀北路发现宋代广州城墙东北角台遗址,与2002年在越秀北路发掘的宋代城墙一起修正了文献关于宋代广州城东城东界在芳草街以西的记载,具有非常重要的历史地理坐标意义和研究价值。

发现五代南汉至宋代砖墙

根据文物保护法规,广州市文物考古研究院配合广州市深层隧道排水系统东濠涌试验段孖鱼岗涌竖井工程建设,于2015年12月下旬开始对工程建设范围开展考古调查、勘探和发掘。“截至目前,发掘面积近300平方米,清理五代南汉至民国时期的砖墙、角台、红砂岩墙体、路面等遗迹和遗物。”相关负责人介绍,其中五代南汉至宋代砖墙是此次考古最重要的收获。

据介绍,砖墙分上下两层。上层砖墙清出北、南边各一部分及东边全部,部分被现代建筑基础打破。东边墙方向303º,长13.3米。包边砖墙残高0.5~0.9米,宽约2.2米,明显分两期砌筑。其中第一期砖墙用砖颜色较杂,多残砖,完整的砖规格一般为47×25-4厘米;第二期用砖多数较完整,砖规格一般35×17.5-5.5厘米,部分砖侧有“王”等戳印文字。包边砖墙内填深灰色含贝螺砂质土,较致密,可能经过夯实。

下层砖墙清出东、北部。东部砖墙形成一个方形台,直接叠压在上层角台基址下,长、宽均为6.5米,其南、北边方向接近正东西向;北部砖墙形成一个长方形台,南北宽4.7、东西宽7.5米,方向358º,接近正南北向。包边砖墙均以长方形平砖错缝结砌,宽0.55~1.1米,砖墙内填灰褐色砂质土,较密实。

东、北方形台基相接,西、南部被上层角台基址叠压,具体结构未明。砖墙用砖规格一般为35~37×17~19-4厘米。下层砖墙直接砌筑在灰褐色含贝螺砂质土上,这一层堆积厚约20厘米,再往下是红褐色基岩。发掘区东南角基岩面距现地表3.5-4.1米。

下层砖墙或与城防设施有关

考古专家介绍,根据发掘情况判断,下层砖墙年代不晚于五代南汉,由于其南、西部未清出,结构不明,其性质不能完全确定。初步推测很可能与城防设施有关。而上层砖墙年代为宋代,应当是宋代广州城东城东北角台基址。这处角台的包边砖墙明显分两期,第一期使用一段时间后,经过加固修缮。

考古专家表示,这一发现确认了宋代广州城东城的东北角,与2002年在越秀北路发掘的宋代城墙一起修正了文献关于宋代广州城东城东界在芳草街以西的记载,具有非常重要的历史地理坐标意义和研究价值,属于广州古城考古的重要发现。

对该城墙遗址实施原址保护

考古专家建议,鉴于此次考古发现的重要价值,应当对该城墙遗址实施原址保护,将来条件成熟时结合东濠涌景观进行展示。

根据专家意见,广州市文物部门与建设单位广州市净水公司及其主管部门进行了积极沟通,并多次组织专家进行论证,已基本确定了遗址原址保护的原则,并适当调整工程建设方案。目前,建设单位正在根据文物部门的要求组织编制遗址原址保护方案。

责任编辑:赵逸 CN039
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