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多地太平间、殡仪馆积尸严重 有尸体21年未安葬

2016-04-05 16:00:13   中国新闻网

综合多地殡葬管理部门负责人的说法,目前太平间、殡仪馆积存的尸体主要分为四种类型:第一种是无名、无主尸体。对于非正常死亡的无名、无主尸体,公安机关不愿开具死亡证明和送至殡仪馆进行火化,原因是担心家属有一天出现并索要尸体;第二种是有名、有主尸体。这些尸体大多涉及各类纠纷,如果公安机关出具死亡证明并火化尸体可能得罪纠纷的两头,使自己成为众矢之的;第三种是涉及医疗事故的尸体,因医患矛盾未解,尸体迟迟未处理;第四种为涉案尸体,由于案件未破,尸体需继续留存。

昆明市殡仪馆馆长瞿勤认为,各类尸体之所以长期无法处理,主要原因在于相关法律法规中并没有具体可操作的细则和规定。记者查阅《殡葬管理条例》发现,全文并没有涉及无名、无主尸体,有名、有主含纠纷尸体,医疗事故尸体和涉案尸体的具体处理程序和方式。而地方性法规中,有的根据实际需要增加了相关内容,有的仍然是空白。如《呼和浩特市殡葬管理条例》仅对无名、无主尸体的处理方法作出明确的规定。由于缺少指导性的法律法规,对尸体不作处理成为各部门目前最“放心”的方法。

“尽管《呼和浩特市殡葬管理条例》规定无名、无主遗体由公安机关及时发布认领公告,公告满60日无人认领的,殡仪馆凭公安机关出具的死亡证明将其火化,但实际中,公安部门并没有按规定进行操作,尸体拉进太平间后再没了下文……”内蒙古人民医院太平间一名工作人员说,对有关部门来说,这些尸体就是棘手的问题,谁都不愿动、不敢动,弄不好扯进纠纷里就得担责。

完善法规待破局

记者采访发现,因没有有效方法解决积存尸体,全国多地太平间、殡仪馆里不断有“新尸”成为“老尸”,数量逐年增长,尸柜难以周转。太平间、殡仪馆的正常运行已出现问题。此外,一些地区尸体的储存费用由地方财政买单,尸体常年储存成为地方一笔不小的支出,并有浪费的嫌疑。多位业内人士呼吁,应完善相关法律法规,尽快着手解决这一问题。

“打破困局的根本出路是完善法律法规,厘清尸体处理程序。”王庆民建议,对各种原因导致的“停尸不顾”现象如何处理和惩处,公安机关、殡葬管理部门、医院等处理主体的权责分配等问题都需要法律进一步明确,否则公安机关处理起来就会有顾虑,其他部门也是左右为难。

“当前从操作层面看,涉及的相关部门,应该更主动地落实现有规定,不能因怕担责任而扯皮,把皮球踢给太平间和殡仪馆。”多家医院的负责人表示,现在还得一手抓消化存量,一手抓避免增量,所以在逐步完善法律法规的同时,有关部门既要明确各自责任,又要强化协调配合。公安部门应严格执行公告到期即开死亡证明,为处理无人认领遗体提供便利。

广州市殡仪馆业务部相关负责人认为,尸体在殡仪馆冷冻保存有较高的费用,有许多死者家庭贫困,其亲属好不容易赶来,既要面对天人永隔的悲痛,还要面对不小的经济负担。殡葬管理部门可以协调太平间、殡仪馆,尽量帮助困难家庭减免相关费用。这样既是对死者家属的一种安慰,也有助于解决积尸严重问题。(采写记者:王靖 萧海川 侯文坤 赖雨晨 饶力文)

责任编辑:柯旺 CN044
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