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儿科医生短缺背后的现实尴尬 常陷医患冲突漩涡

2016-03-30 09:50:14   中国新闻网

每天8小时工作时间,一个星期40个小时,对于一般职业来说,即使加班一周也不会超过50个小时工作。但作为儿科医生的张韬,每周的工作时间都会超过60个小时,上不封顶。

24小时值班,往往被急诊手术充斥。早晨的8点,却不是值班后的休息时间,因为还要做平诊手术。根据医院对外的时间表,张韬上午的出诊时间一般为3个小时,但挂号都会超过40个,面对不可能完成的工作量,张韬只有一个选择——加班,而且是在保证“三四分钟看一个病人”的基础上,因为有的病人需要做检查后再回来看病,所以相当于看五六十个病人。

这样的种种,让很多儿科医生到了40岁便有“干不动”的感觉,从而导致在成为资深医生甚至专家后,便有了出走的意愿。

四面埋伏的压力

在业内人士看来,儿科成为医患纠纷高发地带的同时,也为儿科医生带来了过多的压力。

如果想要体验从早到晚沸腾着的至少80分贝的噪音,那么请到任何一家儿童医院的门急诊室。在那里,焦急的家长总是把诊室门口挤得水泄不通,一个患儿身边常常围着五六位大人——爸爸妈妈、爷爷奶奶和外公外婆。“现在一家一个孩子,家长们都希望医生护士做到尽善尽美,容不得一点差错。”北京儿童医院的一位门诊负责人说,“每当发生争执,总是要批评科里的人,但说心里话,真的很心疼她们,她们压力实在太大了。”

儿科医生的压力除了来自儿科这个专业的特征,更来自患儿的家长。中国独生子女家庭占了多数,当家中唯一的孩子生病时,一家人便陷入焦虑中,家长认为孩子没有得到应有的医疗服务,再加上就诊空间嘈杂拥挤,医生护士常常成为家长们宣泄焦虑的对象。

“儿科投诉特别多。”张韬说,现在都是独生子女,一个孩子生病,有时候甚至来6个家长,大家的期望值很高,又希望一来就能看上医生,可医生不够呀,那就得等,一等几个小时,可轮到看病可能只有几分钟,家长就可能去投诉。

医院里有这么一句话:“金眼科银外科,又脏又累妇产科,吵吵闹闹小儿科”。

“儿科诊疗环境特殊,医患冲突隐患大。”李明说,基于病患身心特点、发病机制、患病种类的特殊性,在临床工作中,对儿科医患人员要求高,既包括专业的理论知识、技术技能,亦包括相应的沟通技能及心理素质。

儿科又被叫做“哑科”,小孩子很难描述自己的病情,全靠医生观察、检查,对医生的要求非常高。

“但是我们这些儿科大夫多是在长期的嘈杂环境中工作,工作节奏快、劳动强度大,思想真的是高压状态、身心疲劳,如何在确保给予患儿最佳诊疗的同时处理好与患儿及家长的关系是有一定难度的。”张韬对记者说,“一般情况下,成年人能够清楚地知道自己哪里疼痛,疼痛的程度。可是对于一些语言能力还未发育健全的孩子而言,可能只会哭和闹,这就需要医生靠经验来判断病情,加上小儿病情发展变化快,使得儿科医生慎之又慎,压力山大。”

在张韬看来,儿科病患病情特殊,医患交往障碍多。

“以急诊为例,儿科病患多起病急、来势凶、变化快、危急病人多。危急症状如高热惊厥、中毒和意外伤亡,往往在孩子玩耍过程中突然发病或发生意外。”张韬的同事曹云说,家长在来院就医前已心急如焚,他们没有病情恶化甚至死亡的思想准备,这是儿科医患容易触发矛盾的一个关键点。

责任编辑:柯旺 CN044
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