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14秒内刹住600公里乘客舱 超级高铁“秒停”现实吗

2018-04-16 03:54:57    中国网

“秒停”很容易 “商用”很尴尬

对马斯克的测试,杨颖表示不用太“兴奋”,譬如美国航空母舰上MK-73型拦阻索,可使30吨重的舰载机以260公里时速着舰,滑跑91.5米停止,减速度约3g,同比难度远高于这项测试。

“研制超级高铁,最终是为了成为大众交通工具。它的启动加速度和制动减速度不能超过普通健康人的承受限值。目前看,普通人承受的减速度限值约为0.5g。”中车株洲所研究院副院长陈高华说。也因此,现有交通工具“减速度”均控制在0.5g以内。

“速度越大,减速度应该越小。公交车紧急刹车,乘客已‘人仰马翻’。飞机降落稍‘猛’,乘客在飞机落地瞬间心里也会‘咯噔’一下。只有飞行员等具特殊优异体质者,可承受这种‘加码’的减速度。”杨颖补充。

据悉,我国350公里时速复兴号高速动车组,紧急制动大约需6.5公里制动距离。正常制动下,需8—10公里制动距离。对613公里时速,制动距离仅1.2公里的“极限”挑战,不具“现实性”。专家称,该“超级高铁乘客舱”还在原理验证样机阶段,离工程样机差距尚远。

“这更像‘玩具’。即便能‘秒停’,但会产生超大电流和功率的需求。单节车没有商业价值。如果在此‘要求’下,做成数百米长列车,乘客承受不了此减速度不说,仅其要求地面提供数十兆瓦级的短时加、减速功率,在经济上就很不划算。”陈高华说。

制约轮轨交通往更高速度发展主要有轮轨阻力、空气阻力和噪声等三大因素。真空中的“超级高铁”,有望克服这些因素,由此备受关注。

尽管有消息称,最早的超级高铁有望2021年建成运行。不过,这一目标,还显“路漫漫兮”。譬如,超级高铁在技术上的长距离测试,特别是载人测试如何做;技术上如何确保高速运动下磁浮系统的动力学稳定性、如何解决“车厢内有空气,管道几乎真空,到站下车后乘客如何呼吸”、真空管道内紧急情况下如何安全停车等,至今未有建设性答案。

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