新闻 > 社会
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/10000169/20170925/31510128_12.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2024/11/17 07:56:27

Powered by China
China

黄河变清调查:每年泥沙减少7亿吨 洪水几率增加

2017-09-25 08:15:28   瞭望

新世纪以来,黄土高原生态建设取得重大成就,入黄泥沙锐减。但中国科学院院士刘昌明等专家指出,黄河流域的水热条件决定了黄土高原植被恢复不会无限制发展。目前黄河中游植被状况与水沙条件基本达到相对平衡,植被恢复效应趋于稳定,拦沙效应距“天花板”已不远。还有一些专家指出,黄土高原强烈的水土流失发生在距今25万年至30万年前,进一步加剧在距今5万年前,远远早于人类频繁活动时期,仅靠水土保持,无法根本解决黄河泥沙问题。

专家向《瞭望》新闻周刊记者指出,黄河水沙关系不协调是流域性的,并非某一点、某一河段,要将其调节到协调,单一工程完不成任务,需要水沙调控体系来完成。

在国务院通过的《黄河流域综合规划》中,黄河水沙调控体系中主体除了干流已建成的龙羊峡、刘家峡、三门峡、小浪底水库,还规划在上中游修建黑山峡、碛口、古贤三座调节性水库,再与干流、支流其他控制性水库互为补充,才能共同构建完善的黄河水沙调控体系。

专家指出,在小浪底水库拦沙库容淤满前,应在黄河干流再兴建一座控制性水库,与小浪底联合进行水沙调控,以便在有限的库容和水量条件下发挥最大的减淤效果。经多方论证,适时启动古贤水库建设已成为共识。

古贤水库位于山西吉县和陕西宜川县交界处,总库容可达134.6亿立方米,其中拦沙库容可达93.6亿立方米,可控制主要淤积在下游河道中的直径大于0.05毫米粗沙的80%。在设计水沙条件下,与小浪底水库联合运用60年,可减少下游河道淤积量79亿吨。

本世纪初,治黄专家在黄河中游禹门口至潼关河段,找到了一个可淤积泥沙100亿吨的“大泥盆”。禹门口至潼关河段俗称黄河小北干流,河道总面积1100平方公里,其中滩地面积为682平方公里,多为人烟稀少、荆棘丛生的盐碱地,是一个“天然泥盆”。从2004年起,黄河水利委员会连续三年在小北干流河段进行“放淤”试验,成功地将400多万吨粗泥沙淤积在黄河沿岸的盐碱滩里。

专家最后向本刊记者表示,如果这一河段没有大型控制工程,仅靠无坝放淤,吃掉100亿吨泥沙目标根本无法实现。而古贤水库建成后,可人工塑造适合放淤的水沙过程,从而开辟出一个为下游河道减淤的全新战场。LW

饥渴的黄河

缺水已是黄河面临的最大挑战,宜适时启动南水北调西线工程,以解黄河之渴

上一页12/16下一页
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/10000169/20170925/31510128_12.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2024/11/17 07:56:27

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/10000169/20170925/31510128_12.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2024/11/17 07:56:27

Powered by China
China

相关阅读

404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/10000169/20170925/31510128_12.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2024/11/17 07:56:27

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/10000169/20170925/31510128_12.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2024/11/17 07:56:27

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/10000169/20170925/31510128_12.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2024/11/17 07:56:27

Powered by China
China
分享到:
0 0
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/10000169/20170925/31510128_12.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2024/11/17 07:56:27

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/10000169/20170925/31510128_12.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2024/11/17 07:56:27

Powered by China
China

美图推荐

404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/10000169/20170925/31510128_12.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2024/11/17 07:56:27

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/10000169/20170925/31510128_12.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2024/11/17 07:56:27

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/10000169/20170925/31510128_12.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2024/11/17 07:56:27

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/10000169/20170925/31510128_12.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2024/11/17 07:56:27

Powered by China
China

为您推荐

加载更多>>
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/10000169/20170925/31510128_12.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2024/11/17 07:56:27

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/10000169/20170925/31510128_12.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2024/11/17 07:56:27

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/10000169/20170925/31510128_12.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2024/11/17 07:56:27

Powered by China
China