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煤炭去产能仍任重道远

2017-09-22 06:42:03   中国经济网

国家发展和改革委有关负责人表示,今年以来我国在煤炭去产能中坚持稳中求进工作总基调,重点抓住处置“僵尸企业”这个牛鼻子,统筹处理好政府和市场、短期和长期、减法和加法、供给和需求的关系,推动了煤炭去产能工作取得阶段性重要进展。

记者了解到,随着去产能相关工作的顺利推进,带动了煤炭市场供需基本平衡,消费和供应增加,行业效益逐步好转。中经煤炭行业景气指数报告显示,今年二季度,中经煤炭产业景气指数为107.7,仍处于近年来较高水平。二季度景气度已高出近5年均值(2012年至2016年均值)27.0点,表明煤炭行业运行景气度依然较高。

政策支撑作用显现

总的来看,今年我国煤炭去产能面临的任务与去年相比并没有明显减小。考虑到今年还须防范去年已经退出的产能“死灰复燃”,去产能面临的压力其实更大。

为使煤炭去产能的顺利推进,国家相关部门已经出台了“奖补资金、职工安置、金融支持、产能置换”等10多项配套政策,这些配套政策对于去产能工作起到了很好的支撑作用。

“从财政金融支持看,主要产煤地区基本都已明确了退出产能的奖补措施,为实现退出产能所对应的冗员安置等提供了支持。”赵东晨说,有关监管部门还明确了有扶有控的金融政策,例如加大对兼并重组煤炭企业的金融支持力度,对符合并购贷款条件的兼并重组企业,交易价款中并购贷款的比例上限提高到了70%;对于不符合国家产业政策、长期停工停产的“僵尸企业”、不达标且整改无望的企业等,则要求坚决压缩、退出相关贷款,倒逼落后产能退出。这些措施充分发挥了财政金融工具的杠杆作用,有利于帮助去产能工作顺利有序推进。

产能指标置换也是我国煤炭去产能中引入市场化机制的有益探索。早在去年10月份,国家发展改革委就印发了《关于做好煤炭产能置换指标交易服务有关工作的通知》,明确从2016年起,3年内原则上停止审批新建煤矿项目、新增产能的技术改造项目和产能核增项目;确需新建煤矿的,一律实行减量置换。在建煤矿项目应按一定比例完成淘汰落后产能和化解过剩产能任务。

“产能置换指标交易是帮助煤炭产业同时解决去产能和保供应问题的重要途径之一。”煤科总院煤炭战略规划研究院战略研究所所长任世华表示,通过产能置换指标交易,落后产能获得安置员工、转产转型等所需资金,可以尽快退出;新建产能,特别是未批先建产能基本属于优质产能,可获得生产指标,向市场供应煤炭,从总体上优化煤炭供应结构。

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