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“1小时通勤圈”促城市群协同发展

2017-09-20 07:02:04   中国经济网

荣西武举例说,2013年,东京都市圈轨道交通占公共交通出行总量的77.7%,其中市郊铁路占公共交通出行总交通量的比重达到65.5%,在东京都市圈3800万人口中,约有2/3居住在东京市区周边的卫星城里。这些卫星城与市郊铁路伴随而生——先有了铁路,再有了卫星城。

根据《指导意见》,到2020年,我国京津冀、长江三角洲、珠江三角洲、长江中游、成渝等经济发达地区的超大、特大城市及具备条件的大城市,市域(郊)铁路骨干线路将基本形成,构建核心区至周边主要区域的1小时通勤圈。

“构建1小时通勤圈,可以让大城市周边地区和中心城市融为一体。”荣西武表示,对中心城市而言,城市外围的土地可以更有效利用,将极大改变大城市的空间结构和人们的居住分布形态,人口、产业往外扩散,将极大地缓解中心城区交通、环境、房价、土地、公共服务等压力,有效扩大城市容量,改善城市投资环境,增强城市竞争力,提高城市宜居性。对于周边乡镇而言,由于土地多、房价便宜、环境好,便捷的轨道交通将吸引更多人口转移过来,大大加快乡镇发展步伐,最终真正融入中心城市。

王怀相表示,市域(郊)铁路是高速铁路的毛细血管。目前,我国发展市域(郊)铁路的技术条件已经十分成熟。相比于高速铁路,市域(郊)铁路的性价比更高。优化市域(郊)铁路的路网布局,有利于使高铁规划更加科学合理,促进资源要素在大城市与周边城镇加速流动。

不过,荣西武也指出,在轨道交通的冲击下,各小城镇也要快速找到适合自己的发展模式,选择好未来的功能定位、找准自身产业培育方向,避免成为“睡城”。

以站点建设带动商圈形成

市域(郊)铁路站点设立尽量贴近城镇中心,可以促进人流集聚,加速商圈打造

当前,许多城市在布局铁路线路和站点建设时,一般尽量让铁路线路和车站远离市区,以避免人流过于集中,导致车站周围出现交通拥堵等一系列问题。

与大城市的线路和站点设置思路不同,《指导意见》明确提出,市域(郊)铁路的线路要串联5万人及以上的城镇组团和旅游景点并设站,车站按照功能适应、设施简易、安全便捷的原则尽量设置于城镇中心,增强交通引导和提高客流聚集。

荣西武表示,传统铁路解决的是长距离的交通需求,为避免对市区产生干扰,一般都尽量让线路和车站远离市区。而市域(郊)铁路服务的是城市化的短途交通出行,客流的起讫点往往是居民区、商务区、商业区、旅游景点等场所。因此,尽量贴近城镇中心,可以减少乘客的出行时间,也能促进人流集聚,加速商圈打造。

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