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面食,演绎色香味的精彩
2017-09-18 07:21:42 中国经济网
科学消费看差异
近年来,在主食消费中,面食制品减少、米制品增加的趋势在南北方都有一定的体现。许多人特别是女性消费者为了追求身材苗条,尽量减少面食制品的食用,用米饭或果蔬代替面食。专家认为,从营养学角度讲,面食制品的蛋白质比米饭高,淀粉比米饭低,仅就同等分量的面食制品与米饭相比,吃面食制品更不容易发胖,但关键要看进食的量,尽量避免面条过量、蔬菜较少的情况。
在标准粉、富强粉之后,如今又出现了诸如“全麦粉”等产品。有人提出,面粉加工应该提倡“粗加工”,尽可能完整保留其中的天然营养成分。那么,究竟是粗加工好还是精加工好?武汉工业学院教授李庆龙长期从事谷物化学与工艺学研究。他认为,如果面粉加工全面回到过去粗加工时代,天天吃粗糙的馒头,相信绝大多数人不接受。面粉加工应该适度,并参考市场需要和老百姓要求。对于那些愿意追求精细口感的消费者,应当有相应的精白面粉来满足他们的需求,对于失去的营养,可通过营养强化的方式加以补充。
提到加工,消费者还有一个关心的问题,面粉是不是越白越好?专家说,面粉颜色是衡量加工精度的指标之一,由于含有胡萝卜素和类胡萝卜素,刚磨出的面粉呈现淡黄色,储存一段时间会自然氧化变白。但自然氧化时间较长,添加剂氧化可加速此过程,使面粉在较短时间内变白,同时也会破坏面粉中的部分营养素。国家已明令禁止使用增白剂,所以面粉不是越白越好。
如今,人们在超市发现有石磨面粉。用传统的石磨把小麦磨碎再筛分而成,与现代机械工艺使用的金属磨辊的主要区别是设施不同。李庆龙表示,本质上看这对面粉的品质不会造成太大影响,只在面粉组成上有轻微差异。石磨面粉会有略多的矿物质、皮层或麦胚,从营养角度说更丰富,但也会造成口感、色泽相对较差、保存期短的问题。
小麦粉的内在品质总是存在先天性缺陷,从而在一定程度上影响面条的加工品质和食用品质。在面条加工中,按规定适量使用食品增稠剂所生产的面条基本上是安全的,消费者可以放心食用。(经济日报·中国经济网记者 乔金亮)
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