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谷物营养成分合理保留后可增强人类免疫力

2017-09-18 07:11:47   中国经济网

“过去有句老话‘食不厌精’,但不是说越精越好。”高俊才说,现代过度加工的工艺否定了传统的不加工、粗加工,以致有些营养在加工过程中白白流失掉了。今后要对不合理的加工环节说“不”,让谷物的营养成分尽可能得到合理保留。

营养流失仅是一方面。由于缺少功能化、个性化、优质化的产品,不少大米、小麦加工企业开工不足、产能过剩、效益低下。“大力发展全谷物健康食品,这对我国粮食供给侧结构性改革、粮食产业提质增效、保证粮食安全和提高全民健康水平,都具有现实和战略意义。”有关专家指出。

“对‘少’的问题即有益营养成分减少的问题,有关专家和部门虽然已经开始研究并采取措施,但力度还不够。”高俊才呼吁,有关部门尽快通过实地调查、案例分析,深入分析消费者对全谷物健康食品的需求和消费市场潜力,完善我国发展全谷物健康食品的思路、方法及相应的规划、政策、法律法规。与此同时,建议消费者在采购食材和做饭时,尽可能选择一定比例的全谷物食品。比如,在超市购买一定数量的燕麦,做米饭时加入一定的糙米,在食用精面食品时适当吃点全谷物食品。

马铃薯,别拿它不当干粮

在世界卫生组织推荐的保健食品中,薯类排名前列。研究发现,马铃薯含有大量微量元素和膳食纤维,在发达国家,每人每年消费量高达80公斤

不只是全谷物摄入量不足,把脉我国居民膳食,有关专家开出了一纸“诊断”——精细有余、粗粮不足。

“我们常说吃饱吃好,需要注意的是,吃饱但不要过饱,所谓‘好’,既要味道好又要营养好,不能只片面追求口感。”高俊才说。

如何更科学健康饮食?在世界卫生组织推荐的保健食品中,薯类排名前列,其中甘薯和马铃薯曾在最健康食品中分别排名第一和第七。联合国粮农组织更是将2008年确定为“国际马铃薯年”。

如此厚爱源于马铃薯自身“魅力”。科学家们研究发现,马铃薯含有大量维生素、胡萝卜素、花青素以及钾钙铁磷等微量元素,其所含维生素C是苹果的4倍以上。此外,马铃薯还富含膳食纤维,由于肠胃对马铃薯吸收较慢,食用后停留时间较长,可产生饱腹感,有利于减肥。

不过,我国虽然是世界上薯类作物生产总量最多的国家,但每人每年消费马铃薯的量并不高——只有30公斤左右,相比之下,在美国等发达国家,每人每年消费马铃薯高达80公斤。究其原因,高俊才认为,一定程度上是因为我们对薯类营养价值的认识还不够。

当然,薯类虽好却也不可贪多。“无论甘薯、土豆,还是其他功能性健身食品,食用都要适量。既要经常吃甚至天天吃,又不能一次吃得过多;要坚持安全适口、多元平衡、因人而异的原则。”高俊才提醒。那么,食用多少才算适量呢?高俊才表示,以马铃薯为例,如果参照发达国家的食用量,一天吃中等大小的一个土豆就可以了。

为此,专家们表示,建构科学的膳食结构,多食用全谷物类营养健康食品,遏制“舌尖上的浪费”,对于保障国家粮食安全和国民体质具有重要意义。(经济日报·中国经济网记者 沈 慧)

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