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谷物营养成分合理保留后可增强人类免疫力

2017-09-18 07:11:47   中国经济网

其中,业界首推的则是燕麦系列的全谷物。世界卫生组织将其列为10大健康食品之一,美国食品药品监督管理局将其认定为功能性食品。“燕麦生长在海拔1000米左右,生长环境苦寒,功能多样。”在研究者们看来,由于富含亚油酸,燕麦有助于防治高胆固醇和保持血糖平衡;同时,因为含有大量活性成分以及抗氧化物质,还具有抗氧化功效、增加肌肤活性、延缓肌肤衰老、美白保湿、减少皱纹色斑、抗过敏等功效。

“想健康、不生病、少生病,要多吃全谷物,特别是燕麦。”观察多年,高俊才发现国内外高级酒店的早餐里一般少不了燕麦,他认为这正是根据营养学安排的科学饮食。

不过,长期摄入燕麦等全谷物食品究竟有啥看得见的好处?有关学者研究发现,全谷物是B族维生素和微量元素的重要来源。食用全谷物有18种显而易见的好处,比如降低血压、降低胆固醇、调节血糖、降低癌症风险等。根据美国谷物委员会资料,经常食用全谷物食品,心脏病发病率可降低25%至36%、Ⅱ型糖尿病发病率可降低21%至27%,结肠癌发病率可降低21%至43%,脑卒中发病率可降低约37%。

而且,全谷物还是减肥的“利器”。美国一所大学研究人员曾将受试人员分为两组,他们每天饮食的总能量、总脂肪、果蔬量和蛋白质摄取量差不多,唯一不同的是谷物来源。一组摄取全谷类食物,比如糙米、全麦,另一组吃精白米面。研究结果表明,女性每天摄取85克全谷物、男性每天摄取113克,可多消耗100千卡热量。用全谷物替代部分精白米面,能加快新陈代谢,消耗更多热量,减少肥胖风险。

全谷物,引领世界新潮流

2016年,全球约有7533种全谷物食品进入市场,在15年前则只有218种。加拿大、德国、荷兰等国家都建立了全谷物的有关标准与法规

食用全谷物正在成为一种世界潮流。在美国,农业部推荐每天每人伙食中谷物摄入量要达到50%以上;加拿大、德国、荷兰、瑞典、丹麦、挪威、澳大利亚等一些西方国家,则建立了全谷物的有关标准与法规。

根据高俊才提供的数据,2016年,全球约有7533种全谷物食品进入市场,在15年前则只有218种。美国全谷物委员会的统计资料也显示,目前已经有超过1.1万个不同产品标有全谷物标志,在55个国家得以推广。

为帮助公众更科学合理饮食,《中国居民膳食指南(2016)》建议,我国居民每天摄入谷薯类食物250克至400克,其中全谷物和杂豆类50克至150克。不过,实际情况并不尽如人意。有关调查显示,目前,我国超过80%的成年居民全谷物摄入不足,其中约40%的中国居民不吃杂粮、16%的人不吃薯类。

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