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机器人能做手术了 电压不稳它会乱挥刀吗?

2017-09-12 02:22:15   新华视点

机器人做手术,电压不稳咋办?”

“我相信科学技术。”大学期间就读机械制造专业,让罗丹在医生提供的两个手术方案中更倾向于机器人手术。“但坦白来讲,多少还是有点疑虑。这毕竟不是操作机床,如果电压不稳或者突然停电,会不会给你其他地方来一刀。”

手术机器人开展手术场景。

保障机器人手术安全,安全性设计是最基本的保证。中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院研究员欧勇盛说,机器人机械臂设计模仿人手功能,可自动滤除震颤,一秒钟可纠正上千次,即便医生的手出现轻微颤抖,装有手术器械的机械臂也不会抖动。

“在一次手术过程中,我们发现3D镜头的光束出现问题,机器人当即自动停机。”王共先告诉记者,手术机器人设计的紧急叫停和撤出等功能,都能避免因电压不稳、停电等情况引发的故障。

但真正能带给患者安全感的还是操作机器的医生。王共先2017年初获颁500例机器人手术证书,他带领的机器人手术团队也成为全国机器人手术临床示范教学中心。“和传统手术相比,机器人手术要做更多的沟通,你要努力让病人明白,机器人只是医生手中的工具,还是要由医生操作。”这是他近3年来的最深感触。

工具在变,机器人背后的医生也在变。2014年,从业30余年的王共先赴香港“考证”。按照机器人手术相关规定,要开展机器人手术的主刀医生、助手以及护士,无论临床工作多少年,均要先考取机器人手术资质,持证上岗。

在腔镜手术时代,王共先在盒子中撒一把红糯米、一把黑米、一把白米,让团队中的医生在腹腔镜下分捡练习。如今,他又提出剥葡萄皮,让医生操作机器人一层层拨开葡萄皮,并要能复原如初。“在机器人放大的视野下,医生对解剖要有更深的认识。”

“机器人要求更高水平的‘同事’”

王共先办公室第三幅照片拍摄时间为2014年12月23日,医院首次开展机器人手术,王共先亲自操刀做了3台手术,耗时将近一整天,在当时还不一定有传统方式快。但事实证明,这是一个类似于早期火车和马车的比赛,不到3年时间,如今机器人手术效率已全面超越传统手术。

在他的设想中,未来的医院中,将不仅仅有手术机器人,或许在门诊大厅就有引导患者的导诊机器人,在病房有帮助患者翻身的陪护机器人。国家《机器人产业发展规划(2016-2020年)》也提出,开展手术机器人在三甲医院智能手术中心的试点示范。

医生操作机器人开展手术。

作为王共先的在读研究生,1990年出生的白汉祥感受到来自手术机器人的压力。曾经他的导师做一台泌尿外科手术,需要一个主刀,外加三四个助手,如今有了机器人的帮助,只需一个主刀和一个护士。他不得不担心这是否意味着自己的就业前景或将更加严峻。

王共先给弟子的告诫是,手术机器人是更先进的手术平台,接受并用好手术机器人是大势所趋,也意味着未来的医院对医生的要求更高,智能化的工具需要更智能的人来掌控它。

然而,这个55岁的外科医生始终坚信,无论机器人如何智能先进,都不可能取代医生。“不论机器人再进化,也不会有人类的直觉和情感,而这是病床上的患者最需要的。”王共先说。

责任编辑:穆启春 CN063
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