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万里归国只为三尺讲台 立志培养世界最杰出的科学家

2017-09-10 16:36:39   中国经济网

“剪接体的工作是中心法则中的关键环节。”施一公介绍说,在DNA上,起到“合成蛋白质”作用的编码部分与非编码部分是间隔交错的,只有通过剪接体把不需要的部分去除,把编码部分拼接,生成成熟信使RNA,才能进一步翻译蛋白质。

施一公资料图,图片源自清华大学。

然而,这个重要环节却常常出错,引发诸多疾病。

资料显示,人类35%的遗传紊乱与剪接体直接相关,诸多疾病也由此而生,例如老年痴呆、慢性淋巴细胞性白血病、脊髓型肌肉萎缩症等。

自1997年“剪接现象”首次被发现至今,剪接体的原子结构解析,成为世界顶级实验室的攻坚对象,终因其复杂性、难度巨大,无法突破。

也就是说,20年间没人看见过剪接体的模样,在结构决定功能的生命科学世界里,这就很难解释它的发病机理,药物研究更是无从谈起。

施一公团队首次呈现出了接近原子尺度的剪接体三维结构,以及它进行剪接的工作机理。

“这项研究成果的意义,很可能超过我过去25年科研生涯中所有研究成果的总和。” 施一公说。

揭示细胞凋亡机理 研发抗癌新药

每一次获奖,只是施一公科研生涯中的又一个光环而已。

北京时间2014年3月31日晚11点,当地时间下午5点,在斯德哥尔摩音乐厅举行的瑞典皇家科学院年会的颁奖典礼上,施一公荣获2014年爱明诺夫奖。

施一公教授成为爱明诺夫奖自1979年设立35年以来的第46位得主,同时也是首位获得该奖的中国科学家。

爱明诺夫奖是由瑞典皇家学院于1979年设立颁发的国际奖项,用以奖励世界范围内在晶体学领域做出重大贡献的科学家,每年颁发给不超过3名科学家,个别年度空缺。施一公教授是2014年爱明诺夫奖的唯一获奖人。

施一公(右二)与团队成员讨论文章细节(资料照片)。新华社发

“这个奖是很难得的。瑞典皇家科学院今年表彰的是施一公在细胞凋亡结构生物学方面的工作。诺贝尔化学奖每三年就会有一次给结构生物学的工作,这个奖跟诺贝尔奖很接近。”北京大学生命科学学院饶毅教授表示,该奖项意义重大。

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