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[砥砺奋进的5年]让黑色煤炭“绿”起来

2017-09-09 06:56:44   中国经济网

创新引领集约开采

在“1245”清洁能源发展战略的指引下,神华集团摸索了一套煤炭行业绿色发展的新模式,即将“清洁、高效、低碳”的理念贯穿于煤炭开采、加工、利用、转化、综合循环等全产业链,实现“四个转变”:由资源驱动向创新驱动型转变;由燃料向燃料、原料并重方式转变;由相对粗放开发向集约绿色、互联智能方式转变;由传统高排放利用向超低排放的清洁高效方式转变。

坐在现代化的办公室里,就能实时监控800公里之外的锦界煤矿综采工作面的场景。这是神华集团日常运营管理的常态。

通过神华集团总部调度指挥中心的大屏幕,记者看到,在锦界煤矿的31406综采工作面,高速旋转的采煤机正在切割煤块,整个工作面已经完全实现了自动化。工作人员介绍说,切割下来的煤直接通过快速运转的皮带机上送到洗煤厂车间洗选后,将被存放在大型筒仓里。发运时,再通过皮带转移到定量仓装车。整个矿区地面上没有裸露堆放的煤,完全实现了“采煤不见煤”,环境更清洁。

目前,神华集团共有煤矿77处,核定设计生产能力近6亿吨/年。近年来,神华集团加速推进安全、高效、智能矿井建设,信息化和工业化融合的程度越来越高。目前,神华集团原煤生产综合能耗只有约2.7千克标煤/吨,达到世界先进水平。

煤炭的开采,对生态环境的扰动几乎是不可避免的。神华集团始终践行清洁高效的发展战略,把绿色发展的理念贯穿于煤炭开采、加工、利用、转化、综合循环等全产业链,在煤炭开采环节,全力减少对外部环境的扰动。

神华旗下的黑岱沟露天煤矿位于内蒙古鄂尔多斯市准格尔旗。露天煤矿开采具有剥离成本低、能耗低、效率高等优点。不过,在开采中需要剥离煤层上覆的岩石及覆盖物,占用土地多,容易导致原生地表地形地貌被破坏,原生土体结构被扰动,生态环境的保护功能大大降低。

神华准能集团董事长杨汉宏介绍说,黑岱沟煤矿坚持“生态环境保护与煤田开发并重”的方针,全面落实开发建设与生态保护、水土保持“三同时”原则,使原本沟壑纵横的地貌发生了根本性改变。昔日的荒坡秃顶,如今已变成植被覆盖、草木茂盛的人工生态区,生态系统正向着良性循环方向发展。

地下水资源的回收利用成果,同样让神华人津津乐道。神华集团煤炭生产部总经理赵永峰介绍说,西北缺水很严重。在井下采煤要动用地下水,为此,神华集团利用超大工作面开采后井下采空区自然边界明显、岩体空隙均匀的实际,在大柳塔煤矿、上湾煤矿、补连塔煤矿、榆家梁煤矿等15个矿井建成35座地下水库,每座平均储水量约71.4万立方米;目前整体储水量达到2499.5万立方米,历史最大储水量达到3100万立方米,基本解决了神东矿区煤矿生产中供水、排水、污水处理以及防治水灾的问题,矿区中水复用率达到72%,产生了巨大的经济效益和社会效益。

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