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城市能源互联网应运而生

2017-08-30 06:55:34   中国经济网

使各类能源优化共享

建设以电能为主体载体的绿色低碳、安全高效的现代能源生态系统

简单来说,城市能源互联网是以电为中心的城市各类能源互联互通、综合利用、优化共享的平台。城市能源互联网建设是以智能电网为基础,以“互联网+”为手段,以电能为主体载体的绿色低碳、安全高效的现代能源生态系统。

海宁市是浙江嘉兴城市能源互联网综合试点示范项目所在地。在海宁袁花镇东彭社区,大片居民房屋顶上都安装了整齐划一的光伏发电板,源源不断地把太阳能转化为电能。

国网浙江海宁市供电公司技术员朱新说,居民光伏发电受气象、技术等条件限制,存在电能不是很稳定等情况。储能站把居民光伏发电的多余电能储存起来,需要时再用,同时也能提高电能质量。

除了低碳能源,海宁还计划在高效电网、绿色交通、低碳建筑、能源大数据共享平台等多方面推进城市能源互联网建设。

在四川天府新区能源互联网示范项目中,“智能终端同步量测”成为重点攻克的技术。“提升能效是建设能源互联网的重要目标,我国能否以较少的能源消耗实现经济持续增长,很大程度上取决于能效提升潜力能否被有效挖掘。”该项目一位负责人说,提升能效的关键在用户,如何帮助其制定合理的智慧用能计划,有针对性地进行能效提升改造,使用户在不影响正常生产、生活的前提下提升能效成为亟需解决的问题。

跨领域合作解难题

跨领域合作,共同解决城市能源互联网涉及的政策、市场、技术、资金等问题

“目前我国城市集中了二分之一的人口、四分之三的资源消费、五分之四的GDP,产生三分之二的碳排放。”北京智中能源互联网研究院院长李凤玲认为,形势要求我们必须推进城市能源互联网建设,信息技术的发展也为实现这一目标提供可能,不过仍要解决一些关键问题。

电网安全性是我们面临的首要挑战。就目前的大电网而言,其安全可靠性基本可以满足用户要求。如果城市屋顶光伏大量开发并直接接入大电网,其安全可靠性将大大降低,系统的电能质量也将恶化,将对用户特别是精密用户带来严重影响,在某种特殊情况下,还会对系统的稳定性构成挑战。李凤玲表示,应当在主电网的后备支持下,尽可能实现微电网的自治和自愈,把影响系统安全的概率降到最低。

城市能源互联网的推进,离不开合理有效的商业模式。在李凤玲看来,能源互联网项目的落地,最大的问题是市场壁垒。“配网运营与能源销售一体,投资经营一体,是诸模式中最有效可行的模式。但由于涉及配电网和基于配网的电力销售,就涉及到现已形成的利益格局,即便是增量市场,也会被电网公司视为预期利益。如果电网公司不配合,社会资本将寸步难行。因此,政府对于试点示范项目的强力推进至关重要。”李凤玲说。

对此,褚艳芳建议,积极倡导能源跨行业、跨领域合作,共同解决城市能源互联网涉及的政策、市场、技术、资金等问题。从城市能源可持续发展角度出发,通过构建城市能源互联网,带动全国经济变革与能源转型,加大基础设施建设力度,使经济布局更加均衡协调,全面实现互利共赢。

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