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机械工业上半年利润增14.69% 转型发展动力增强

2017-08-16 07:53:54   中国经济网

值得注意的是,上半年汽车行业实现利润同比增长11.53%,电工电器行业同比增长9.24%,均低于机械工业总体水平。对此,陈斌分析认为,汽车购置税由5%变为7.5%,对汽车产销产生了影响;电工行业受到煤电去产能的影响,增速低于去年。

  转型发展动力增强

“机械行业相关数据回暖是在上年较低基础上的恢复性增长,同时也有全行业积极创新转型的原因。”陈斌透露,随着市场结构升级步伐加快,越来越多的机械工业企业主动应对、积极作为,通过技术创新、模式创新探索新动能,全行业转型发展动力增强。

重大装备国产化向纵深发展。机械工业重大装备核心部件国产化进展加快,一批长期依赖进口的装备研制成功。比如,具有完全自主知识产权的核电站反应堆保护系统平台研制成功,打破了国外厂商垄断,标志着我国核电站数字化仪控系统的自主化、国产化迈出坚实一步。尤为值得关注的是,民营企业正以其机制灵活、创新能力强的特点,在重大装备国产化进程中发挥着日趋重要的作用。

智能制造逐步起步。在相关产业政策的引领和科技进步的带动下,机械工业制造过程中智能化升级已经起步,在近3年国家安排的智能制造新模式试点示范项目中,机械工业承担了约46%的项目。同时,机械工业智能制造产品的供给能力也在逐步提高,近期对工业机器人主要自主品牌制造企业的问卷调查结果显示,近90%的企业上半年新增订单实现同比增长,其中70%的企业订单增幅超过20%。

此外,机械工业企业不断拓展服务领域,对全行业的转型发展作用明显。比如,奇瑞新能源汽车有限公司与重庆长安汽车股份有限公司联合江苏莘翔机电有限公司共同开展汽车轻型高强复合材料短流程关键技术及成套装备研发,企业由传统的汽车制造领域向材料与设备制造领域延伸。

  下半年有望平稳运行

展望下半年,随着宏观经济环境改善以及利好政策逐步落实,行业经济有望保持平稳运行态势。

具体来看,虽然汽车购置税优惠政策退坡对乘用车市场形成了一定压力,但是商用车产销量较快增长成为新的支撑。上半年汽车产销增速达4%左右,为全年实现5%增长预期奠定了良好基础。

发电设备行业调整力度加大,火电设备产量低速增长,对前期高速增长阶段积累的过剩产能形成了压力;机械基础件作为量大面广的零部件制造行业,进入2017年以来,运行态势明显好于主机行业,液气密、轴承、紧固件等行业快速回升。此外,工程机械行业在基础设施建设和城镇化建设的带动下,预计下半年仍将保持一定的增长速度。

陈斌表示,虽然对2016年机械工业较快增长形成支撑的汽车和电工行业两大排头兵2017年增速都将有所放缓,但工程机械、内燃机、通用设备、机械基础等其他分行业的运行都将好于去年。考虑到去年下半年基数较高的因素,预计2017年全年机械工业增加值增长8%左右,主营业务收入和利润总额增长8%左右,对外贸易出口有望结束连续两年的颓势,同比增速由负转正。

不过,中国机械工业联合会近期对部分重点企业就税负成本、行政性收费、融资成本、能源成本和人工成本问题开展问卷调查显示,成本高、融资难、用能贵依然是企业生产经营过程中普遍存在的问题。同时,物流成本上涨、原材料价格快速增长也是机械企业近期成本上升不可忽视的重要因素。(经济日报·中国经济网记者 吉蕾蕾)

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