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供给侧改革带来大宗商品牛市行情

2017-08-08 07:09:24   中国经济网

赵东晨表示,随着供给侧结构性改革深入推进,部分传统工业部门的市场秩序得到了根本改善。例如,重卡/挖掘机销量、建筑业PMI等多数先行指标,近几个月都出现了明确上升迹象。同时,煤炭、铁矿石等原材料库存整体处于偏低水平。此外,进口价格上升导致成本增加,特别是国际原油价格重回50美元关口以上,具有一定的标杆指向意义,对市场信心也有一定提振。这些因素对大宗商品价格回暖也有一定的带动作用。

下游行业压力加大

随着大宗商品价格回升,部分工业企业盈利状况明显好转。例如,今年前5个月,全国规模以上煤炭企业实现利润1233.4亿元,为煤炭行业去产能、脱困和转型升级发展奠定了基础。

钢铁去产能的推进,也改善了钢铁行业企业的效益。今年上半年,中钢协会员钢铁企业销售利润率为3.04%,与2016年上半年0.97%相比大幅提高。

赵东晨指出,对于上游能源原材料行业而言,由于冗员和债务问题较为突出,商品价格的恢复性上涨有助于重建其正常的盈利能力和现金流状况,对于其安置冗员和剥离债务有着一定的积极意义。同时,这也有利于发挥价格杠杆效应,间接推动经济、能源、工业结构的转型调整。

不过,有关专家也表示,上游领域大宗商品价格如果上涨过快,可能会给下游行业带来压力。

赵东晨认为,大宗商品价格暴涨,不仅会增加中游制造业的成本,也可能增加上游原材料行业过剩产能死灰复燃的风险。如果暴涨势头过度蔓延,可能推高通胀预期和通胀水平,限制宏观经济政策的调整空间。

中国物流信息中心专家陈中涛表示,7月份,制造业企业购进价格和出厂价格均明显上升,尤其以购进价格上升最为明显。这种趋势发展下去,虽然上游行业效益会得到提升,但下游行业成本会明显增加、效益下滑,不利于企业协同发展,不利于经济稳定。

中国物流信息中心专家武威认为,7月份,非制造业投入品价格指数升幅明显,指数水平和回升幅度均高于销售价格指数,反映出上游产品价格增幅相对于下游更为明显。从统计局公布的利润数据看,受益于原材料价格上涨的上游企业利润增幅明显,高于中下游企业的利润增长幅度。如果价格传导不畅,上游价格的上升不能有效传导至下游企业,价格上涨不能转化为下游企业的利润,势必导致成本挤压,给下游企业经营带来压力。同时,上下游市场价格的对比,也反映出我国经济运行在稳中提质方面仍有改善空间。

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