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十年后雾霾会消失吗?中科院院士:十年内难治雾霾

2016-11-07 16:54:43   未来网

万本太具体举例称,基于北大、清华等高校专家们的研究,对于北京来说,汽车排放量是主要的污染物,占一次排放30%左右。为了从源头上控制这类污染,就需要使用清洁能源作为替代。“现在是国家通过各种政策鼓励大家用清洁能源,不是不鼓励。包括车,像北京你要买一辆电动车,国家出钱补助你很多钱的。所以方方面面的政策鼓励你搞清洁能源。”

但目前的困局是,国内“盘子太大”,清洁能源的推广使用难以在朝夕之间完全实现。而且,清洁能源的推广还需要解决投资不足以及技术水平有限两方面的问题。

“要从根本上解决雾霾的问题,就必须大力调整产业结构、能源结构和交通运输结构。”柴发合表示。

除此之外,黑龙江、内蒙古等地的农民习惯于在冬季烧秸秆,这加剧了雾霾的治理难度。

目前,秸秆焚烧已成为影响东北地区秋冬环境空气质量的主要因素之一。

业内人士表示,在环境治理的“红灯”面前,禁止秸秆焚烧成了一个必须攻克的难关,而要真正地治理好秸秆焚烧的问题,光靠“问责”是不够的。

让秸秆得到合理利用,给秸秆找出一个出路,是防止秸秆燃烧的最佳途径,也是解决秸秆燃烧的有效方法。只禁农民燃烧秸秆,而不给农民出路,只堵不疏,会出乱子的。这就需要政府在资金、技术、人才甚至在设施上建立科学的秸秆处理体系,让秸秆发挥出效益。

雾霾何时才能消散

2013年,国家发展改革委副主任解振华曾表示,国家已采取35项措施,把任务分解到重点地区、重点单位。相信随着“大气十条”的进一步贯彻落实,通过5到10年的时间,大气污染的状况会得到改善。

“关键还是要转变发展方式、转变消费方式,提高公众和全社会保护环境、应对气候变化的意识,大家都有责任来采取行动。”他说。

而现在三年过去,城市中的雾霾愈发严重,最快五年的预计已难成现实。

盘古智库理事长、城镇化专家易鹏认为,基于治理雾霾技术掌握已有所提高、政治组织运用资源的能力较强,以及现在经济收入水平高,老百姓对雾霾的忍耐度大幅降低这三个方面的因素,治理好雾霾“快则十几年,长则三十年就会实现,也是一代人左右的时间才能改变。”

中科院院士、国家气象局前局长秦大河认为,十年内难治好雾霾。

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