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男子继承房产遭遇奇葩证明:需证明妻子父母死亡

2016-07-24 10:32:00   工人日报

记者以市民身份拨打了南宁市住房保障和房产管理局的电话,工作人员表示,“如果到法院诉讼,用法院的调解书、判决书都可以直接过户。不用提交公证书。”

因为诉讼花费可能比公证少,有些当事人对遗嘱没有争议也打继承官司,有些案子就是一家人打“假”官司来解决。2014年龙女士的母亲去世,同吴先生一样,龙女士本想通过公证来继承母亲房产,但她没办法提供已故外祖父母的死亡证明,最终选择将相关继承人告上法庭,然后进行庭前调解,最后拿调解书过户。

但对于独生子女来说,这一群体将面临“诉讼无人可告,公证证明难全”的尴尬境地。

  能否用“声明”代替“证明”?

房产继承登记需要公证,依据是1991年《司法部、建设部关于房产登记管理中加强公证的联合通知》,但这一联合通知在2014年被最高人民法院以案例指导的形式认为无效。根据公报,《联合通知》是政府性规范文件,不属于法律、行政法规、地方性法规或规章的范畴,其规范内容不得与《物权法》、《继承法》等法律法规相抵触。

尽管本月司法部正式废止了这一通知,但是各地不动产登记部门尚未公布相关操作细则,目前,许多地方在办理房屋继承登记时,仍然要求申请人提供继承权公证书。

广西大学法学院庞红老师说,“公民应该多一些法律意识,在日常生产生活中不妨养成收集、保留证据的习惯,一旦遭遇纠纷,可以借助法律武器保护自己的合法权益。”

为了避免遗产继承纠纷,陈晓云也建议,“尽可能在生前订立遗嘱,并在遗嘱中写明财产的归属和处理方式。最好要在第三方见证的情况下,对遗嘱进行公证,避免出现遗嘱无效等情况。公证就是为了依法保护公证双方的合法权利,避免日后产生纠纷和矛盾。”

但是,在讳言死亡的传统观念之下,劝说老人订立遗嘱,子女不见得能说出口。北京市方正公证处主任王士刚也曾对媒体表示,呼吁建立法定的遗嘱登记制度。

对于遗产继承权公证,业界也有不同的声音,早在2015年的北京市“两会”上,就有12名市政协委员联名,认为继承权公证“手续繁琐、花费巨大”。公证机构往往要求继承人提交100多年前出生的祖父母、外祖父母的死亡证明等文件,而他们可能二三十年前就去世了,这样的要求超出了普通百姓的能力范围。除此之外,公证费往往为房屋价值的1%至2%, 500万元的房子就要10万元公证费。

这些市政协委员们建议,应在财产登记和管理部门、司法机构与遗嘱登记部门之间建立信息沟通渠道,查询并认定这些专业机构所登记的遗嘱,及时作出认定并办理继承手续。人民法院可以对接专业性调解组织,将继承案件的诉前调解工作委托给这些组织进行调解,并对调解协议进行司法确认后,由房产登记部门、商业银行协助执行调解协议,简化办事程序。

对此,也有不少法律界人士呼吁以“声明”代替“证明”。中华遗嘱库管理委员会主任陈凯曾提议建立公告制度,“房产局认可后发一个公告或通知,如果其他人有异议就去法院诉讼,如果没有异议,公告期过了就过户。”

到记者发稿时为止,吴先生的相关证明材料还在办理中。他不无担心地说:“如果我办不下来这些证明,那老伴留下的房子以后该怎么办?”记者 庞慧敏 本报实习生廖景芝

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