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国外看中国科技:中国隧道技术发展迅速享誉世界

2018-06-19 11:16:54    光明网

艰难的项目

中铁隧道局承担的隧道工程有Galei Gil和Herzl两处始发井,前者位于本标段中间,4台盾构机两两相背而行施工,挖向东西两端;后者位于标段西端,两台盾构机向东前行,与Galei Gil始发井挖向西端的盾构机汇合。工程开工日期为2015年6月22日,预计完工日期为2021年7月12日,总工期316周。

王总工程师说,现在说起来似乎工程很轻松,其实在整个过程中,他们经历了众多的艰难困苦,为解决工程难题,他常常彻夜难眠。中标后,轻轨项目业主并不完全信任公司的能力,毕竟隧道位于城市主干道下方,同时还紧邻并下穿现有的建筑物、设施、桥梁基础、地下行车结构、隧道结构、高层建筑等。由于业主对沉降控制指标的要求较高,因此公司通过采购专门盾构机,并结合有效的施工措施和合理的施工组织,确保了重要建筑物的安全。事实上,前期工程具有十分重要的示范效应,良好的表现迅速赢得了业主、监理、当地设计师和相关方的认可。

创新的施工

在施工过程中,公司面对难题,积极想办法解决,创造了业界奇迹。例如,在狭小空间盾构机机头和机身分离的工作模式。Herzl始发井位于人口密集区,道路狭窄周边居民众多,井口长和宽分别为36米和16米,根本容纳不下机头加机身长达120米的盾构机。对此,公司先将长约10米的机头先放入始发井,机身放置在地面。机身通过软性连接并支持机头进行挖掘,直到隧洞有足够的空间后才将机身从地面移至地下与机头直接相连,继续施工。

又如,公司成功地采用了垂直皮带出渣机。由于Herzl始发井狭小,盾构机掘进时带出的泥土难以快速从井底运送到地面。为解决该难题,公司科技攻关人员提出了采用垂直皮带出渣的设想。然而,过去虽然有人对此进行过研究和测试,但最终因工作不稳定而放弃。王总工程师带领的团队这次大胆引进了垂直皮带出渣机,并在工作中对其进行改造,最终将它融入进施工体系中,保证了盾构机每月300米的掘进进度指标。

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