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“轮椅上的物理学家”霍金逝世 曾祝福中国考生

2018-03-14 13:56:07    新华网

1985年,动过穿气管手术的霍金丧失说话能力,只能依靠手指按动一个讲话器按钮表达自己的思想以及与外界交流。

1988年他发表《时间简史:从大爆炸到黑洞》,解答了人类一直探索的时间有无开端、空间有无边界问题。该书被译成40多种文字,发行量高达2500多万册。

谈人工智能:可能毁灭人类

除了对于理论物理的研究,霍金对于人工智能、外星人等领域的评论也屡屡引发人们的关注。过去数年,霍金曾多次表示,发展全面的人工智能可能导致人类的毁灭。

回顾了人工智能领域最近出现的飞速发展,包括全自动无人驾驶汽车技术,以及谷歌计算机对人类顶尖级围棋手所取得的胜利,霍金指出,“我认为,对于一个生物大脑和和一台计算机所能取得成就来说,其间不存在深刻的差别。所以从理论上来说,计算机可以效仿人类的智能,并超过人类的智能。”

霍金表示,人工智能的发展可能帮助人类消除疾病,消除贫困,阻止气候变化,但是也可能产生人们不愿意看到的种种后果,包括产生自主武器,造成经济灾难,以及发展出同人类发生冲突时拥有自己意愿的机器。

“简言之,强大人工智能的崛起可能是人类遇到的最好的事情,也可能是最坏的事情,但我们还不知道答案。”

谈外星人:肯定有,地球人最好别接触

2015年,霍金启动了人类历史上规模最大的外星智慧生命的搜索行动。该行动将通过扫描宇宙的方式进行搜寻,历时十年,并将耗费一亿美金。

这个名为“突破聆听”(The Breakthrough Listen) 的项目,将由俄罗斯硅谷企业家尤里-米尔纳全额出资。此次的地外智慧生命搜寻行动,也将是人类史上最权威、最全面和最深入的科学搜索,旨在发现任何地外生命的迹象。

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