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宙斯盾系统致美军舰连撞船?或与未升级系统有关

2017-09-06 07:51:59   中国青年网

进入21世纪,这样的相撞事故有增无减。

2001年美海军“格林维尔”号核潜艇在上浮时撞上了日本渔船,结果美国潜艇安然无恙,而日本渔船则有9人失踪。2009年由于双方声呐均未及时发现对方,导致英国前卫级核潜艇和法国凯旋级核潜艇在大西洋海底相撞,所幸并未造成人员伤亡。

“这些舰船撞击事件的原因,有的是人为大意,有的是技术原因,比如声呐探测距离的局限,有的则是操作经验不足或违反了操作规程。”朱启超说。

宙斯盾系统极为先进

撞船原因在美军正式公布之前,人们自然会有这样那样的猜测。

“海上船只相撞一般不外乎三大类原因,一是技术故障,二是人为因素,三是突发自然灾害导致的不可抗力。如果人们想当然地认为,在没有海上飓风海啸等自然灾害的前提下,美海军舰艇人员应该训练有素、操作规程详细科学、海上巡航经验丰富,自然会认为可能是宙斯盾系统本身出现了技术故障。”朱启超表示。

宙斯盾系统也称为宙斯盾战斗系统,为美国海军现役最重要的水面舰艇综合作战系统,全名为空中预警与地面集成系统。其英文缩写刚好是希腊神话中的宙斯之盾(AEGIS),所以也译为“宙斯盾”。

上世纪60年代末,美苏冷战期间,美国海军认识到己方在对抗环境中不足以应付苏联大量反舰导弹对水面舰艇的饱和攻击威胁,提出了研发宙斯盾系统。宙斯盾系统的核心是一套自动化的指挥决策与武器控制系统。其中,相控阵雷达是宙斯盾系统的心脏,是宙斯盾战舰的主要预警探测系统。该雷达工作在S波段,对空搜索最大作用距离约为400千米,可同时监视400批目标,自动跟踪100批目标。

“从技术性能分析,宙斯盾系统应该说代表了舰艇预警探测与海上防御作战的最高水平。”朱启超介绍,宙斯盾系统一是反应速度快,主雷达从搜索方式转为跟踪方式仅需0.05秒,能有效对付掠海飞行的超音速反舰导弹;二是抗干扰性能强,可在严重电子干扰环境下正常工作;三是具有强大的反击能力,该作战系统火力猛烈,可综合指挥舰上各种武器,同时拦截来自空中、水面和水下的多个目标,还可对目标威胁进行自动评估,并优先击毁对自身威胁最大的目标;四是可靠性强,能在无后勤支援情况下在海上连续工作40至60天。

或与未及时升级系统有关

宙斯盾,为美国海军舰队提供一个密不透风的坚固盾牌。

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