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第72届联合国大会中方立场文件

2017-08-30 09:50:34   中国网

中方一贯尊重和支持有关国家根据本地区实际情况,在自行协商、自愿协议的基础上建立无核武器区或无大规模杀伤性武器区的努力,已签署并批准所有开放签署的无核武器区条约议定书。

中方重视核安全问题,支持国际原子能机构在国际核安全体系中发挥核心作用,并积极参与了全部四届核安全峰会。习近平主席在2014年第三届核安全峰会上提出理性、协调、并进的核安全观,倡导构建公平、合作、共赢的国际核安全体系,并在2016年第四届核安全峰会上就加强国际核安全体系、促进国际核安全合作提出系列主张和倡议。中方将以此为指引,与国际社会一道,为加强全球核安全作出贡献。

核能的开发利用必须以安全为前提。中方支持国际社会采取切实措施加强核能安全,积极推进相关国际合作,促进核能事业安全、健康、可持续发展。

(二)生化武器问题

中方支持不断加强《禁止化学武器公约》和《禁止生物武器公约》的有效性、权威性和普遍性。中方对有关化武拥有国和遗弃国未能按《禁止化学武器公约》规定的时限完成化武销毁表示遗憾,敦促有关国家根据缔约国大会和执理会决议要求,加大投入,在确定的时限内尽早完成销毁;禁化武组织应对包括遗弃化武在内的化武销毁进程进行有效监督。中方愿本着开放、务实的精神,与《禁止生物武器公约》缔约国共同推动今年缔约国会取得积极成果,为维护生物军控多边进程做出努力,继续推动公约在消除生物武器威胁、防止生物武器扩散、促进生物科技和平利用等方面发挥重要作用。

(三)防扩散问题

中方坚决反对大规模杀伤性武器及其运载工具的扩散。为实现防扩散目标,各国应致力于营造互信、合作的国际和地区安全环境,消除大规模杀伤性武器扩散的动因;坚持通过政治外交手段解决防扩散问题;切实维护和加强国际防扩散机制;平衡处理防扩散与和平利用科学技术的关系,摒弃双重标准。中方愿同有关各方加强交流合作,共同推动国际防扩散进程。

(四)外空安全问题

中国政府一贯主张和平利用外空,反对外空武器化和外空军备竞赛。中国与俄罗斯于2008年共同向裁谈会提交了“防止在外空放置武器、对外空物体使用或威胁使用武力条约”草案,并于2014年6月提交了更新案文。结合外空形势发展,中俄于2015年9月向裁谈会提交工作文件,对一些国家提出的问题作出反馈。中方呼吁裁谈会尽早以中俄草案为基础谈判达成多边外空军控条约,切实维护外空和平安全和长期可持续发展。为推动相关讨论,中俄建议今年联大授权成立“防止外空军备竞赛”政府专家组,重点就有关国际法律文书进行深入讨论。中方主张坚持“兼收并蓄、相辅相成”的原则,推进防止外空军备竞赛和外空透明与建立信任措施进程。适当、可行的外空透明与建立信任措施对增进互信、减少误判、规范外空活动具有积极意义,一定程度上有助于维护外空安全,可以成为防止外空武器化和外空军备竞赛进程的补充,但不能取代外空军控进程。

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