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侠客岛:美国太平洋舰队撞船事故没那么简单 水很深

2017-08-24 13:11:41   中国青年网

这点从很多历史事件也可以看出。1995年,时任美国海军作战部长迈克尔?布尔达上将胸前佩戴了两枚“ V ”字形战斗铜质勋带徽章,被新闻舆论质疑。因为按照美国海军细致的荣誉准则,虽然布尔达参加过越战、海湾战,但没有按照规定,在荣誉证书对佩戴权利有明确的语句说明,这就是不允许的。

后来布尔达摘下了徽章,但人们仍然不依不饶。1996年5月16日,布尔达上将自杀身亡,留下遗书:我违反了美国军官的荣誉准则,为了海军的荣誉,我今天选择死亡。

规则不仅细致,而且严格。

1987年两伊战争期间,正在波斯湾执行护卫油轮任务的美国海军斯塔克号护卫舰,遭到伊拉克空军幻影F.1战斗机射出的两枚法制飞鱼反舰导弹攻击,导致舰上37名官兵死亡,21人受伤。事情发生在晚上,很多士兵都睡觉了。而事发时舰长只是上了个厕所,严格来说并不算玩忽职守。但美国海军事故审查委员会依旧解除了布林德尔舰长的职务,并要求把他提交军事法庭审判。最后,布林德尔被处以非司法性惩处,提前退役了。

可见,美军对军官失误的惩戒之严。但管理制度细致而又严格,为什么有那么多的人没有遵守呢?

压力

国防科技大学国际关系学院外军研究中心副主任方晓志告诉我们,这次出事的“麦凯恩号”导弹驱逐舰属于阿利伯克级,是美第七舰队主要作战舰船,包括雷达系统在内的各项性能相当先进,如果操作得当,不可能发生碰撞事故。而且,这次撞击的商船长600英尺,总吨位为3万吨,是“麦凯恩”号的3倍,按理来说是很容易被发现的。这次的事故很大的原因,并不是这些客观因素,主要还是官兵们的精神压力太大。

与6月17日与菲律宾货船相撞的“菲兹杰拉德”号驱逐舰一样,“麦凯恩”号也同样来自于美国第七舰队第15驱逐舰中队,该中队拥有7艘驱逐舰,常年活跃在西太平洋海域。

第七舰队所承担的作战区域东起国际日期变更线,西至非洲东岸红海(不包括波斯湾),南达印度洋及南极,北至白令海峡,整个作战区域1.3468亿平方公里,比美国本土大14倍,任务量本就极大。但最近又有了加码。

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