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综述:日本学者呼吁以史为鉴 抵制安倍政府“军学共同”路线

2017-08-15 21:21:00   新华网

名古屋大学名誉教授池内了将安倍政府此举称为“科研人员版经济征兵制”。“大学研究人员原本从事与军事毫无关系的民生研究,安倍政府用金钱诱惑他们。防卫省的援助制度规定研究中途公开成果需报备、研究结束后也要进行追踪调查,研究者一生与防卫省脱不了干系。”

对于政府的“军事研究诱导”,日本学界反对声浪高涨。“日本学术会议”继1950年和1967年后,今年3月第三次公开声明“不进行以军事为目的的科学研究”,呼吁科研人员不要应征防卫省“安全保障技术研究推进制度”项目。名古屋大学、庆应义塾大学等国立和私立大学都声明当前不允许本校研究人员申请该制度经费,明治大学还在日本报纸上刊登整版“意见广告”声明“不申请”态度。

大西广说,据他所知,这些大学表明态度后,其研究人员和报考人数都没有减少,这一定程度上说明日本民间对政府鼓励军事研究的反感。另据日媒数据,该制度应征项目从2015年的109件降至2016年的44件。

虽然学界反对声浪高涨,但对于今后日本科研人员被卷入军事研究的可能性,大西广还是表示担忧。

他说,日本政府仍在逐年削减科研经费,尤其是国立大学运营费从2000年起每年被削减1%,科研条件日益严峻。反观之,虽然“安全保障技术研究推进制度”项目申请数量在降低,但合格率却在大大提高,从2015年约8%上升到2016年约22%,这对科研人员有很大诱惑。此外,安倍政府不断渲染日本周边安全环境严峻,舆论对于增加军事科研经费和科研人员从事军事研究的接受度可能提高。

日本东北大学从事科学史研究的名誉教授井原来聪也警告说,大幅增加“安全保障技术研究推进制度”预算,是安倍政府要将日本学界全面卷入军事的强烈讯息,日本科学技术和研究的发展方向已经开始扭曲。

共同社客座评论员冈田充对记者表示,防卫省加大对军事研究的支援与安倍政府修改安保法、解禁集体自卫权以及修改“武器出口三原则”等一脉相承。如果听之任之,学术自由和独立将受到侵害和利用,很可能重蹈二战前以“国策”推进731部队生化武器研究的覆辙。

“从这种意义上来说,有关731部队的史料应该与南京大屠杀史料一样,列入联合国教科文组织世界记忆遗产,日本以及世界学术界和政府应永远引以为戒。”

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