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IS认领德国火车“持斧砍人”事件 难民危机再引争论

2016-07-20 06:11:48   环球时报

  最初的报道显示有20多人受伤,但德国《明镜》周刊19日表示,住院者多是受到严重惊吓,实际只有5人受伤,包括4名中国香港人。据香港《南华早报》等媒体报道,受伤的4名港人来自同一家庭,分别为62岁的父亲、58岁的母亲、27岁的女儿及其31岁的男友。事发时,父亲和女儿的男友试图制止行凶者施暴,结果两人受重伤。该家庭中另一名17岁的儿子没有受到伤害。

  警方很快公布了袭击者的身份——一名17岁的阿富汗难民。“德国之声”称,两年前,这名阿富汗青年在没有成年人陪同的情况下来到德国寻求庇护。他已在维尔茨堡地区生活了一段时间,事发前他住在一个寄养家庭里。巴伐利亚州内政部长海尔曼19日表示,警方随后在搜查这名难民的住所时发现一面手绘的IS旗帜。一名政府发言人说:“这很可能是一次伊斯兰极端分子袭击。”IS的一个宣传机构19日通过网络宣称,“德国砍杀袭击的实施者是IS的一名战士”。

  “IS正在靠近德国”

  香港特区政府行政长官梁振英19日发表声明,谴责袭击事件,并对事件造成港人受伤表示难过,对伤者及其家属致以慰问。声明表示,特区政府已透过外交部驻港特派员公署、中国驻德国使领馆及德国驻北京大使馆了解伤者情况及跟进事件。香港特区政府驻柏林经济贸易办事处已派员前往探望伤者。《环球时报》记者从中国驻慕尼黑总领馆了解到,总领馆官员已赶往医院探望受伤的香港同胞,并向警方了解详细案情。

  19日晚些时候,IS又发布了一段关于袭击者的视频。画面中,名为穆罕默德·利亚德的青年手持刀具,宣称要对“异教徒”国家采取行动。彭博社称,“独狼”袭击现在是全球安全官员所面临的难题,他们都要应对IS等极端组织影响力扩张的问题。几天前法国尼斯造成84人死亡、200多人受伤的卡车冲撞事件袭击者只有一名31岁的突尼斯裔男子。

  “IS正在靠近德国”,德国新闻电视台19日称,从巴黎到布鲁塞尔再到尼斯,一段时间来欧洲许多国家遭受恐怖袭击,欧洲第一大经济体德国却未受影响。这一方面是因为德国伊斯兰激进分子较少;另一方面,德国社会更为平衡,也没有贫民区。但是,随着去年110万难民进入德国,一些潜在的恐怖分子混入其中,德国的安全风险也在增加。德国内政部今年以来多次发出警告,IS极端分子及其追随者在德国制造类似巴黎恐袭的可能性随时存在。

  由于在伊拉克和叙利亚的“正面战场”不断受到打击,急于制造声势的IS多次煽动支持者用一切可能的办法实施袭击,火车站、地铁站等人流密集区被认为是容易受到攻击的重要“软目标”。在这方面,与许多欧洲国家一样,德国同样有明显的“漏洞”。德国被称为“火车上的民族”,全国有5400座火车站。德国火车站几乎是全开放的,任何人进入火车站,几乎不会遇到任何检查,上站台、进入车厢,也很少有人检查。偶尔会有工作人员检查乘客有没有买票。《环球时报》记者在德国10年,乘坐火车时行李从没被检查过。德国铁路和运输工会主席基什内尔表示,现在应当重新评估安全问题,确保铁路职工和乘客安全。

  移民问题再引争论

  袭击事件让德国的移民问题再次受到审视。《华尔街日报》称,与法国和比利时不同,尽管当局警告难民和移民涌入构成安全风险,德国至今未遭受IS煽动的致命袭击。这次袭击可能会加剧欧洲关于移民的辩论。去年德国接收110万难民,但此后总理默克尔开始进行限制。批评者指责她低估了接纳如此多难民的风险。受移民问题影响,右翼民粹政党在欧洲各国兴起,“德国选择党”过去一年在多地选举中获胜。该党以科隆新年前夕性侵案为默克尔的政策危及国家的证据。当局表示,当时至少2000名外国男子袭击了1200名女性,引发德国人对接纳更多移民的恐惧。

  “火车行凶是难民危机的悲剧”,英国《独立报》19日称,该袭击事件可能导致德国社会舆论对难民危机看法的进一步分化对立,加剧分裂。德国基尔大学政治分析师德尔索斯表示,事件必然会激发德国社会对门户开放式难民政策的进一步愤怒。他说:“这是一起悲剧,但这起悲剧超越了直接受害者,而成为关系到德国应该如何处理难民问题的一个极具争议的事件。”英国《每日电讯报》称,袭击事件可能让德国乃至整个欧洲的难民问题面临更严重的紧张局势。

  【环球时报驻德国、美国特约记者 青木 李勇 甄翔】

  

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