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中国明年将依托“极星”号参与北极漂流冰站计划

2018-08-15 08:41:02    科技日报

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在14日举行的“北极海冰、气候变化与我国夏季高温关联研讨会”上,国家海洋环境预报中心极地室主任张林透露,计划明年以德国“极星”号破冰船为主要平台,以破冰船周围50公里内的海冰、海洋和大气为主要观测对象,参与国际北极漂流冰站计划(MOSAiC)。

据了解,“极星”号将于2019年9月至2020年10月,在穿极流的驱动作用下自东西伯利亚海向北极点方向漂流。

国家海洋环境预报中心极地室副研究员孙启振表示,通过为期一年的有人值守冰站观测,加深理解北极中央海域大气—海冰—海洋—生态系统间的耦合过程,有助于提高北极天气预报、海冰预报和气候预测能力。

据了解,该中心拟利用合作机会,在北极海域进行海雾物理特征和生消机制观测研究,以提高北极数值天气预报中的海雾预报技术。

过去一段时间,《北极圈罕见32℃高温!》一文被热议。在中国气象科学研究院极地气象研究室副研究员丁明虎看来,因为个别高温站点在北极圈内,就说“北极高温”并不科学。但他同时表示,从统计数据看,北极升温是全球升温的两倍,北极天气是欧亚大陆天气的“风向标”。

“粗略梳理,过去6年,有5年的寒潮和北极天气事件有关联。”在丁明虎看来,随着国民科学素质的进步,人们从关注生存环境到生活环境,越来越重视南北极在气候变化中的重要作用。

2012年,世界气象组织推动实施全球冰冻圈监测计划,把三极作为制约气象预测预报的关键地区,并提出2035年建成业务观测网,最终实现对三极地区更好的预测预报。

“三极地区的气候研究是未来10年关注的热点,也应是科研人员的主攻方向。”丁明虎说。

据了解,从资金投入、科技人员和论文成果数量看,目前我国从事北极研究的科研人员规模偏小。虽然个别领域有部分研究成果达到了较高水平,但尚未形成稳定的北极科技研究前沿团队。(记者陈瑜)

原标题:中国明年将依托“极星”号参与北极漂流冰站计划
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