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中国海洋科技装备突飞猛进 形成“三龙”探海格局

2018-04-21 08:21:06    央广网

刘健是中国无人潜水器领域的资深科学家,曾担任早期“CR-02 6000米自治水下机器人”总设计师,在“潜龙三兄弟”研制过程中更是立下汗马功劳。作为“潜龙一号”课题负责人,潜龙二号、潜龙三号的总设计师,他可以说全程见证和参与了“潜龙家族”发展演变,甚至对其中任何一个细节的改进都了如指掌。在外人看来,潜龙二号和潜龙三号就是一对“双胞胎”,外形、体重等一模一样。对此,刘健解释说,虽然两者有很多共同之处,比如均可在复杂的海底地形环境运行,但潜龙三号是潜龙二号的优化升级版,简单来说,前者能耗更低、续航更大、国产化程度更高、噪声更低、抗流能力更加强、声学成像质量更高。相对于两个“弟弟”,潜龙一号从外观上来看无疑显得“另类”。它不是“鱼”造型,而是长4.6米、直径0.8米的橘红色圆柱体。刘健解释说,潜龙一号的设计适宜在海底五六千米地势较平坦的深海中作业,而两个“弟弟”适宜在海底翻山越岭,不是为了取代“大哥”。

“海龙”海底取样手到擒来

在大洋一号综合海试A航段任务中,大放光彩的是海龙系列潜水器。它们是一种遥控水下机器人,擅长局部作业、定点精细探测,可以进行大功率、长时间的水下工作,在海底硫化物矿区勘查中被广泛使用,典型应用包括矿区调查、矿区成图、勘查取样。

海龙Ⅲ和海龙11000均出自上海交通大学,前者是6000米勘查取样型无人缆控潜水器,最大作业水深6000米,作业功率170马力,具备海底自主巡线能力以及更强的推力、高速和重型设备搭载能力,以支持搭载多种调查设备和重型取样工具,达到了世界先进水平,在深海探测领域具有广阔的应用前景,可成为海洋观测、深海取样、获取并传递深海信息的良好作业平台。后者为万米级深海无人遥控潜水器,设计最大工作深度1.1万米。随之开发的万米深水电池、可加工浮力材料、陶瓷浮力球、光纤微细缆、多芯贯穿件等,均为中国首创成果的部件。

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