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南北筑通途--写在兰渝铁路全线通车之际

2017-09-29 14:17:52   

兰渝铁路沿线许多地区,都存在这样物产独特但困于交通的“富裕的贫困”。在四川南充,火车可以让当地出产的莲藕提速“北上”,每年100多万斤的产销量,仅运费一项就比汽运节约30万元;在陇南市武都区,占中国种植总面积60%的油橄榄,已吸引大批投资客北上订货。

现在,兰渝铁路打破山乡的封闭,丰富物产和资源走出去,大量资金和人才流进来。沿线群众正在奋力摆脱“富裕的贫困”,进入开往小康的快车道。

迎难而上不断试错 “中国工法”创造铁路建设奇迹

“眼睁睁瞅着成果毁于一旦。”说起胡麻岭隧道施工中遭遇的难题,标段项目总监袁维瑜声音轻颤,艰难克制住眼角的泪光。

兰渝铁路开通后,火车穿过胡麻岭隧道只需要几分钟,但克服该隧道修建过程中一系列世界施工难题的,却是兰渝人9年的殚精竭虑和无数次的从头再来。

2011年8月,胡麻岭隧道修建第三年。此前一切顺利,每个月掘进近百米,整座隧道即将贯通,施工人员都准备好了庆功酒。可到了8月19日,隧道里却突然涌出如泥石流般的细砂,淹没了已经修好的隧道。

参建过十几条铁路的老铁路人,从未遇见像胡麻岭这样难的隧道;在铁路隧道施工中享有盛誉的德国专家,曾专门自带顶级设备和施工团队到胡麻岭应战,但试了几次都没成功,撤离时认为“不可能在这种地层中打隧道”。

掘进,淹没,再掘进。铁路施工者们在胡麻岭与细砂展开拉锯战。过去5年半,胡麻岭隧道发生了四次大突涌,不得不清理砂浆15万方。“在这种地质条件下进行隧道施工国内外没有先例,我们只能靠自己摸索,终于在2015年形成一套成熟的施工方案。”兰渝铁路公司副总经理陈东杰说。

早在1919年,孙中山先生就提出修建兰渝铁路,规划路线“兰州-广元-南充-重庆”,正是今日兰渝铁路的基本走向,但因沿线地质条件极为复杂,受技术所限,这条铁路直到进入21世纪后才开始实施。然而即使到了今天,兰渝铁路施工遇到的也是一系列世界级难题,胡麻岭仅仅是一个缩影。

位于甘肃省岷县与漳县交界处、全长19公里的木寨岭,是我国目前最高风险等级的铁路隧道,遇到的是世界铁路隧道中最大的地应力,隧道衬砌受挤压变形。各参建方通过科技攻关,今年7月终于完成被破坏衬砌的补强工作。

“兰渝铁路是用‘中国工法’创造了世界铁路建设的奇迹。”兰渝铁路公司董事长熊春庚说,到目前为止,参建各方在国家级核心期刊发表论文150余篇、获得国家实用新型和发明专利70余项、各类工法总结31项。

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