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央地密集发文力挺科技金融 制度框架基本形成

2017-09-28 06:42:51   

9月8日,吉林科技金融服务中心挂牌成立,该中心是集政府服务、金融资源和中介机构为一体的综合性服务机构。

科技企业尤其是小微科技企业,通常缺乏房产等抵押物,因此金融机构在给这类企业授信时往往较为谨慎,这在很大程度上制约了其融资的便利性。记者梳理上述新政发现,鼓励金融机构探索抵质押物创新成为政策着力的要点之一,包括开展知识产权质押贷款、应收账款质押融资等。

民生金融智库首席宏观研究员朱振鑫在接受《经济参考报》记者采访时表示,一些银行很早就已经开始探索“以关联企业从产业链核心龙头企业获得的应收账款为质押的融资服务”,随着“互联网+”模式的兴起,借助互联网、大数据征信、普惠金融等创新技术,为核心企业及其上下游企业提供交易平台和融资解决方案,更成为不少银行的共同选择。

在创新抵质押物的同时,政策也着力建立一套完善的风险防范和风险分担机制,提高金融支持科技创新的商业可持续性,包括推广贷款、保险、财政风险补偿捆绑的专利权质押融资等。朱振鑫表示,科技金融创新的推进必须要有严格的配套政策措施作为支撑,并强化监管,防范风险。

中国社科院工业经济研究所副研究员渠慎宁对记者表示,专利权抵押的背景在于以互联网企业为代表的轻资产行业没有较多的固定资产,从银行获取贷款往往比较困难,对金融机构而言,捆绑保险、财政风险补偿的专利权抵押违约风险会有所下降,刺激他们对轻资产中小企业的资金发放。

记者也了解到,近年来,在国家知识产权局指导下,青岛、广东、福建、甘肃等多地结合本地实际情况,积极探索适合当地中小微企业特点的专利权质押融资路径。青岛市构建“保险共保体”,为专利权质押贷款提供保证保险,由保险机构、担保机构和银行三方按6∶2∶2的比例共同承担融资风险,为科创型企业雪中送炭。

值得注意的是,投贷联动模式对银行支持科技型小微企业具有重要意义,这也成为政策鼓励的重要方向。

据了解,商业银行通过投贷联动,以“股权+债权”的方式,不仅能为种子期、初创期的科技型中小微企业提供有效的融资支持,更能以股权收益弥补信贷资金风险损失。现有政策规定,为了开展投贷联动,试点银行业金融机构可选择设立投资功能子公司或设立科技金融专营机构。目前,首批试点的多家银行均向监管部门上报了投贷联动试点方案,并申请设立投资功能子公司。浦发硅谷银行行长兼硅谷银行亚洲总裁蒋德此前在接受《经济参考报》记者采访时表示,通过投资子公司持有认股权证带来的收益,并不是为了盈利,而是为了弥补风险,“我们的目标是尽可能帮助初创企业增加成功的概率,而不是单纯获利”。

(记者 张莫 班娟娟)

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