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这些标签正在褪色——新数据颠覆中国西北角旧印象

2017-09-12 09:52:32   新华网

和宁夏一样,西北各省区都是绿色能源富集区,昔日抛之不去的劣势,如今却成了得天独厚的优势。今年6月,青海省创造了一个全国“第一”——连续7天全省所有用电均来自水、太阳能及风力发电产生的绿色能源,在全国首次实现一省范围内供电“零排放”。

不仅仅自己享用,±800千伏、±1000千伏、±1100千伏,一条条特高压直流输电线路横跨祖国东西,将西北大量清洁电源源不断输往全国各地,为当地发展贡献着“西北力量”。“炎炎夏日,东南沿海的群众虽吹不上西北的凉风,凉风产生的电能却能给他们带去清凉。”国网宁夏电力公司调控中心总工程师项丽说。

  荒漠戈壁?塞北江南!

北风折草,八月飞雪。边塞诗人笔下的西北总是不可名状的荒凉。然而观念和技术之变却能“释放魔力”,让昔日的不毛之地焕发令人难以想象的生机。

甘肃省定西市通渭县,十年九旱,“春种一粒麦,秋收一棵草”。从2006年开始,通渭县根据当地秋季降水相对较多的实际,率先探索出“全膜双垄沟播”旱作农业技术。甘肃省农牧厅种植业处副处长潘新解释说,通过在农田里起陇、覆膜,一方面限制土壤水分蒸发,另一方面提高垄沟雨水收集,据测算,当土壤湿度达20%时,每亩地相当于蓄水300立方米。

每年推广超过1000万亩,年增产粮食超过100万吨,这两个靓丽的数据量化了甘肃省近年来旱作农业推广的丰硕成果。而这项新技术不仅惠及甘肃,也造福着陕西、宁夏、新疆、青海等省区旱作区群众,土豆产量大幅提升、玉米种植区域扩大……农业科技成为旱作区守望在田野的“及时雨”。

戈壁也能种瓜?这是不少人听说宁夏硒砂瓜后条件反射式的疑问。宁夏中卫市香山地区群众,通过在土地上覆盖一层10至15厘米厚的砂石颗粒,在砂石下土层上种植西瓜,既合理利用了光热资源,又能有效节水。这一看似微小的技术变革,却催生了年产值14亿元的富民惠民产业。且由于瓜大味甜、富含硒锌等微量元素,硒砂瓜获得市场广泛认可,全国各地客商每年夏季云集抢购。

实际上,西北荒地变沃土的奇迹,正是尊重、巧用自然规律的结果。今日之西北,仍有不少期待改变的标签,在科技不断进步的将来,或许这种改观会超乎想象,而新面貌、新发展的西北正是大家共同的愿景。(参与记者潘莹、王博、郑昕、吴刚、王金金)

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