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西北资源城市未雨绸缪 升级转型破“转身之困”

2017-09-11 16:57:45   新华网

新华社北京9月11日电 题:西北资源城市未雨绸缪 升级转型破“转身之困”

新华社记者 顾煜、张玉洁

从“西部油城”到“世界石油城”,从地下采油到“追风逐日”,从工业矿区到旅游胜地……近年来,一个个依托资源而兴的西北城市,在面对“资源诅咒”时,未雨绸缪,主动求变,特别是党的十八大以来,众多西北资源城市以新发展理念为引领,通过产业升级转型,创新城市发展,破解资源型城市“转身之困”。

  升级创新 资源“油城”转身综合城市

克拉玛依,维吾尔语意思是“黑色的油”。克拉玛依是世界上唯一以石油命名的城市,也是我国西部第一个千万吨级大油田。

地处准噶尔盆地的克拉玛依,相继开发了克拉玛依油田、百口泉、火烧山等30个油气田,建成国内最大的呼图壁储气库,累计生产原油超过3亿吨,已具备2200万吨炼油加工能力和122万吨乙烯生产能力。但是,作为支柱产业的石油石化工业,由于产业结构单一,却制约着克拉玛依经济的可持续发展。

为破解大多数资源型城市“因油而兴、油竭而亡”的“资源诅咒”,早在2010年克拉玛依便提出“打造世界石油城”,着力建设油气生产、炼油化工、技术服务、机械制造、石油储备、工程教育“六大基地”。中船重工、宝鸡钢管、宝钢集团等120家钻采、石化、集输设备等装备制造企业落户克拉玛依,通过拉长产业链,调整石油石化工业结构,加快产业升级转型。

近年来,克拉玛依从“地下”走向“云端”,信息产业也成为克拉玛依转型创新的突破口。克拉玛依云计算产业园自2013年开园后,已聚集了华为云服务数据中心、中石油新疆区域数据中心、中国移动集团新疆数据中心等国家重点项目和信息产业重要企业。

如今,克拉玛依正逐渐形成以石油石化经济为主导、多元经济快速发展的产业格局。根据规划,今后的克拉玛依,云计算产业园、通用航空产业园、现代农业示范园……将与传统石油石化工业一起,共同构成这个城市的经济支柱体系。

由资源型城市迈向综合型城市,克拉玛依正在路上。

  油去风来 “老树”玉门发“新芽”

作为克拉玛依的“前辈”,飞沙走石的玉门是新中国第一个石油工业基地,被誉为“中国石油工业的摇篮”。然而,随着当地石油产量由1959年最高的140.62万吨降至1998年的38万吨,这个国内最早开发的油田,如今成了企业规模最小、发展困难最多的石油企业。

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