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国务院反垄断委员会张穹:传统反垄断工具不适用互联网等新经济

2017-08-31 10:46:30   央广网

刘晓春认为,针对互联网企业的行为,应当充分考虑互联网产业不同于传统经济的特征,给市场竞争留出足够的空间。动辄认为某类行为构成不正当竞争,甚或作出“垄断行为”的断言,都会有失轻率。

来自最高法的张军则认为,互联网企业往往是通过技术创新、提高生产效率在竞争中取胜,而不是由企业之间通过相互勾结串通来影响市场,这与反垄断法意义上的垄断有所区别。BAT虽然现在是行业的领航者,可如果他们不继续努力,被超越甚至被淘汰也只在瞬息之间。

他认为,市场经济是鼓励竞争、保护竞争的经济,因此,要尽量保证行业入口的畅通,明确“保护竞争和消费者利益”是反垄断法的目标。必须站在时代发展的背景下理解反垄断法,防止反垄断法的滥用,保护新经济健康发展。

中国经济风景独好与充分竞争分不开

此前有专家认为,根据中国电子商务中心的研究数据,2016年阿里巴巴在B2B平台的占比为43%,第二名的慧聪网占比仅为7.5%;网络零售中,淘宝和天猫相加的占比高达57.7%,比第二名京东的25.4%高一倍多;在跨境电商领域,天猫和淘宝网合计占比为42.7%,比第二名的网易考拉海购高31个百分点。因此认定前者具有“市场支配地位”。

对此,中央财经大学法学院副教授、党委书记吴韬指出,最高院在3Q大战案判决中,明确了在认定市场支配地位的过程当中,市场份额这个指标不是绝对的判断标准。

中国法学会消费者权益保护法研究会副会长河山指出,腾讯公司的微信具有一定的垄断地位,但华为可能冲击微信,打破这个自然垄断。关于国营和私营垄断的发展,高层领导还专门说,如果用老办法管理,不会有今天的微信。

北京外国语大学法学院丛立先教授则从知识产权保护的角度提出,创新产业的核心其实是知识产权,而知识产权是不适用于反垄断的,没有“垄断”就没有知识产权,没有“垄断”也就没有创新产业。

作为中国反垄断领域的权威人士,张穹在中国竞争政策论坛上表示,当今世界经济不景气,中国经济可谓“这边风景独好”,今年我国服务业的经济总量占60%多,“这和充分竞争是分不开的”。

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