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坚决打赢反贫困斗争的伟大决战——专访国务院扶贫办主任刘永富

2017-08-17 16:02:31   新华网

五年来,全国农村累计脱贫5564万人,相当于一个中等国家的人口总量。“与前几轮扶贫相比,十八大以来的脱贫攻坚不仅减贫规模加大,而且改变了以往新标准实施后减贫规模逐年大幅递减的趋势,年均减贫1391万人,这是从未有过的。”刘永富说。

虽然取得了辉煌成绩,但面对的挑战不容小视。刘永富说,有的地方患了“急躁症”,搞层层加码,不切实际地逐级往前提脱贫时间;也有的地方自认贫困人口不多,脱贫任务不重,到时完成任务没有问题,犯了“拖延病”;还有一些同志的思想观念、工作方式不适应脱贫攻坚的新形势新要求,仍简单地搞送钱送物、发钱发物,把扶贫工作等同于搞救济做慈善,造成“等、靠、要”和养懒汉;工作中还较为普遍地存在形式主义问题,有的把脱贫工作“文件化”“会议化”“表格化”;有的把大量资金用在“垒大户”“堆盆景”、制作精美挂图展板上;有的地方“搞摆平”,人为割裂低保与扶贫,导致一定数量符合条件的贫困人口未纳入建档立卡。在精准帮扶上,有的表面看帮扶到村到户到人,实质上还搞一刀切,是缩小版的“大水漫灌”。“这些现象的背后是思想作风不实、工作作风漂浮,扶贫措施缺乏针对性和操作性,缺乏有效落实。”

攻坚战役越是深入推进,越是会暴露一些新问题。扶贫资金违纪违规问题逐步减少,但却出现资金闲置滞留等新问题,2016年资金闲置问题占到审计发现问题的三分之二。

刘永富认为:“勇于发现问题、坦诚面对问题、切实解决问题的过程,就是改进工作、提升能力的过程,就能推动脱贫攻坚始终沿着正确的方向前进。”

 采取非常举措 打赢伟大决战

我国脱贫攻坚的目标,是到2020年现行标准下农村贫困人口全部脱贫,贫困县全部摘帽,解决区域性整体贫困。

“这一目标与前几轮扶贫相比有一个明显不同,就是不留锅底。这意味着届时我国绝对贫困问题将得到历史性解决,同时也将提前10年实现联合国2030年可持续发展议程确定的减贫目标,继续走在全球减贫事业的前列,具有里程碑意义。”刘永富说。

脱贫攻坚已经到了攻坚拔寨的冲刺阶段。必须以更大的决心、更明确的思路、更精准的举措、超常规的力度,实现脱贫攻坚目标。

刘永富表示,党的十八大以来,中西部22个省份党委和政府主要领导向中央立军令状、约谈相关省党政负责同志、稳定贫困县党政正职、向贫困村派驻第一书记和驻村工作队等一系列措施,都体现了中央的决心,都是超常规的举措。

“脱贫攻坚战还有三年多时间,我们要集中力量攻坚克难,深度贫困地区、贫困村、因病致贫贫困户,这些就是我们要攻的‘坚’。”刘永富介绍。

为了攻克这些“坚”,刘永富说,要提高贫困识别、帮扶、退出精准度。“要做实做细建档立卡,这是我们精准扶贫的第一颗扣子,第一颗扣子扣错了,精准扶贫精准脱贫就会缺乏基础”。同时,“精准的关键在基层,‘子弹’由基层打出去才能打准、打到位。”要规范驻村帮扶,增强基层力量。

刘永富表示,下一步,我们要把符合建档立卡条件的贫困人口全部纳入。同时对2014年以来的脱贫人口的返贫情况进行调研,探索建立稳定脱贫的长效机制。要加强督查巡查,抓好考核发现问题整改,纠正不严不实不精准,特别是要纠正形式主义,严防弄虚作假,采取措施增强基层扶贫干部“绣花”能力。

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