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高温作业,“清凉权”你享有了吗?

2017-08-16 10:45:43   新华网

李晓敏告诉记者,根据劳动合同法第38条第1款第2项规定,用人单位“未及时足额支付劳动报酬的”,劳动者可以解除劳动合同,还可依据劳动合同法第46条规定要求单位支付经济补偿。在这方面,江西省人社厅、财政厅发布的《关于调整高温津贴标准有关问题的通知》,作为政府行政部门文件明确给予支持。

“但各地的做法并不相同。”李晓敏介绍,广东省对用人单位未及时足额发放高温津贴、劳动者主张解除劳动合同的就不予支持,在广东省高院、省劳动人事争议仲裁委员会《关于审理劳动人事争议案件若干问题的座谈会纪要》第27条中就有这样的规定。

李晓敏表示,关于高温津贴权益维护,很少有劳动者通过起诉来解决的,即便有主张高温津贴的,也是在起诉拖欠工资等劳动待遇时“顺带”主张,而有的劳动仲裁部门对单独主张高温津贴的案件不予受理。

  期待立法进一步加大高温劳动保护

如何破解劳动者高温保护不力的难题?

近日,人社部新闻发言人卢爱红指出,各级人社部门这几年按照职责分工积极采取措施认真贯彻落实《办法》,并对高温津贴的发放条件、发放方式、发放的时间长短、发放的水平等作出具体规定。从2013年开始,人社部每年夏季都组织开展专项执法检查活动,严肃查处企业违法行为,维护劳动者的身体健康、生命安全。

杨雅婷认为,《办法》实施以来,对高温条件下作业劳动者的保护有所改善,但仍存在一些用人单位不发放高温津贴、不提供防暑降温饮料及药品等高温劳动保护不力的情况。“徒法不足以自行。一个《办法》不能解决全部问题,配套措施和执行落实是关键。”

她提出,一要加大主管部门的监管力度,每年高温季节主管部门应当进行专项执法检查,主动出击,查处违法用人单位并加大处罚力度;二要提高劳动者维权意识,高温津贴不是福利而是应得的报酬权益,拒不发放高温津贴的行为属于用人单位克扣或无故拖欠工资情况,用人单位应承担法律责任;三要畅通劳动者投诉渠道,劳动者在用工中多处于劣势,不愿为了金额不多的高温津贴得罪用人单位,这就需要畅通匿名举报途径,为劳动者维权提供便利;四要发挥工会的作用和力量,如与用人单位签订高温劳动保护的专项集体合同等。

杨雅婷还表示,《办法》有关责任承担的规定过于原则,且威慑力不够,因为用人单位违法成本过低。劳动法等上位法律法规在工资支付、劳动时间、劳动保护等方面已有相应规定,可以为高温条件下劳动保障提供依据。对此,还可以考虑修改《劳动保障监察条例》,对不按规定支付报酬的,加大对用人单位的处罚力度。

李晓敏建议,立法上应加大对高温作业的劳动者保护力度,提高高温津贴、劳动者休息权保护的法律层级,加大惩戒力度,让软性保护变成刚性保护,使用人单位感觉到“痛”,权利才能真正“落地”。

高温津贴难“取证”?可找第三方帮忙

2017年高温津贴怎么领?权威图解让你了解

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